Vol. V, No. 10.j Reference to Babylon in the Rigveda. 409 
[N.S.] 
e°. tfor @. 
d°. final = for <. 
a°. In the Sn. 4 and @ are often interchangeable. When a 
word is taken from a foreign language @ is often used for 4. 
6°. Here @ has first been substituted for ¥ and then @ for 
4. Yaska has pointed out in his Nirukta that 4 and @ are 
sometimes interchangeable. 
c°. In Sn. there are two liquids ¢ and @, but in Vedic Sn. 
Tis often used in place of @. Examples— 
urfce for wifes; 
fcefa for festa: 
‘FA for Wega | 
d°. This is not of much importance but I shall explain it 
later on. 
We may also compare the Zn. “‘ Bawri’’ with Sn. 
though this is not of much importance. For it is not likely 
that the Sn. name for Babylon came through its Zn. name. 
Here the differences are : 
a°. @ for @. 
b°. a for w. 
e.°€ for ¥¢. 
a°. has already been explained. 
b°. The w is a substitute for b. It may be considered as 
equivalent to v or wu, and w in Zn. sometimes=@ in Sn., e.g. 
Zn. a=Sn. awit [Prof. Jackson in the A. O. 8’s J.] 
e°. This will be dealt with later on. : 
Next as to the ants being of the species called wyatar 
This word is evidently derived from $¥ near and 3€@# water, 
meaning those who live near water. The geographical position 
of the city of Babylon fully explains this. The word may also 
contain an allusion to the blocking of a river by Ahi—repeatedly 
mentioned in the Rigveda in connection with the winning of 
a 
aarti: TaRTal Azt faawatafea SI we | ; 
aut swefenreciat fasqufepmaen wae | ce € 
