INTRODUCTION. 
The aim of the subjoined work is to present a descriptive list 
of the Hepaticae and Anthocerotes of California, together with 
delineations of such species as have been hitherto either not at all 
or only quite imperfectly figured. Most of the material upon 
which the paper has been based was collected by the author dur- 
ing a residence of about five years in California. Of the Anthoc- 
erotes and the thalloid Hepaticae, specimens obtained in various 
stages of development were fixed with chromic acid and preserved 
in alcohol in order to retain better the natural outlines and also to 
permit a more accurate study of the internal structure through the 
use of microtome sections. Additional material has been contributed 
from time to time by friends and associates, among whom thanks 
are due especially to Miss Edith S. Byxbee, Dr. Willis L. Jepson, 
Professor L. M. Underwood, Professor Douglas H. Campbell, 
Professor A. J. McClatchie, Mr. S. B. Parish, Professor Edward 
L. Greene, Мг. М. S. Baker, Мг. Е. P. Nutting, Mr. J: Burtt 
Davy, Mr. W. C. Blasdale, and Professor William A. Setchell. 
Specimens secured by the earlier collectors, notably the very im- 
portant collections of Dr. Henry N. Bolander, have likewise been 
of great service. Through the kindness of the owners or custo- 
dians of various herbaria in Europe and America we have enjoyed 
the privilege of seeing, with two or three exceptions, the original 
materials of all the distinctively West American species which have 
been recorded as occurring within our limits. | 
It is possible that the first botanist to collect any Hepaticae in 
California was Archibald Menzies, who visited the region during the 
Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club, Vol. VII. 
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