2 HEPATICAE AND ANTHOCEROTES OF CALIFORNIA 
last decade of the eighteenth century, though we are not in a position 
to affirm with certainty that he actually gathered any of these plants 
within the limits of what is now California, inasmuch as the only 
hepatic that we have seen, definitely known to be of Menzies’ col- 
lecting (the original of Pore//a navicularis), is referred simply to the 
West Coast of North America, and the species is one that he may 
have found equally well, or better, farther to the northward. Dr. 
Thomas Coulter, about four decades later, seems to have been the 
discoverer of Asterella violacea, though it was a plant of Bolan- 
der's which, after the lapse of another forty years, served as the 
basis of Mr. Austin’s diagnosis. Occasional Hepaticae were col- 
lected within the state from 1850 to 1880 by Dr. Albert Kellogg, 
Dr. J. M. Bigelow, Professor William H. Brewer, Professor John 
Torrey, Dr. C. C. Parry, and Dr. Edward Palmer. It was, how- 
ever, Dr. Henry N. Bolander, who did much more than all the 
others to pave the way to a knowledge of the Californian hepatics. 
Dr. Bolander's services to Californian botany are too well known 
to need discussion here.*  Suffice it to say that he was a resident 
of California from 1861 to 1878, and that while giving no more 
attention to cryptogamous plants than to the spermatophytes, his 
eye for mosses, liverworts, and lichens was astonishingly keen. 
He not only explored with much thoroughness the San Francisco 
Bay region, but as botanist of the State Geological Survey, and later 
as State Superintendent of Schools, was enabled to visit more remote 
portions of the state. Fully one half the species in the California 
hepatic list of today were known to him. Of these, at least twelve 
were new to hepaticology ; seven now bear his name. The Hepati- 
cae of Bolander's collecting were studied by Mr. Austin and by Dr. 
Gottsche. Professor W. G. Farlow visited the Pacific Coast in 1885 
and collected a few plants of this group at various points in Califor- 
nia. Professor L. M. Underwood also visited California in the sum- 
mer of 1888 and made collections in Alameda, San Francisco, Marin, 
and Santa Cruz counties. Twelve specimens of Hepaticae were 
secured by Messrs. Coville and Funston on the Death Valley Ex- 
pedition in the summer of 1891. In the summer of 1894, Mr. M. 
S. Baker and Mr. F. P. Nutting made a botanical journey through 
teresting paper on ** Dr. Henry N. Bolander, Botanical Explorer," by Dr. 
Wi E іе has appeared іп deis 6: 100-107. 1898. 
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