GRIMALDIA 41 
apex or latero-ventrally, mostly dark purple beneath, dorsal sur- 
face very indistinctly areolate, furnished with simple inconspicuous 
stomata, epidermis thick, the walls of its cells more or less thick- 
ened at the angles, chlorophyll-bearing layer deep, passing gradu- 
h 
filled by secondary walls: scales extending to the margin or pro- 
jeeting and inflexed at the thallus-apex, purple or vinous-red, 
sometimes conspicuously hyaline-pointed or nearly colorless 
throughout. Gemmae none. Monoicous, dioicous, or polyoicous. 
Antheridia immersed near the median line of the thallus, some- 
times at about the middle of a segment, but mostly forming a 
papillate androecium near an apical sinus, the androecium sur- 
rounded by the slightly elevated adjacent tissues or wholly desti- 
tute of a special involucre, covered occasionally by the inflexed 
thallus-margins. © receptacle with a single archegonium in each of 
the 3 or 4 short lobes, maturing 1—4 sporogonia, finally long-stalked, 
hemispherical-umbonate or subconoidal, commonly papillate above, 
the lobes at maturity mostly directed downward, rarely somewhat 
spreading, often obscurely defined. Peduncle from apex of the 
thallus or from a small latero-ventral innovation, with a single 
рапа. Pseudoperianth none ог rudiamentary. - Capsule globose, 
completely filling the involucres and protruding, circumscissile 
above the middle, cells of its wall destitute of annular thickenings 
or with traces of such at the margin of the thicker operculum, 
pedicel very short. Spores yellow, brown or dark violet-purple, 
tuberculate, rugose, or sometimes rather regularly areolate. 
Elaters 2—4-spiral, often somewhat attenuate toward the extremi- 
ties. 
. GRIMALDIA Catirornica Gottsche; Underw. Bot. Gaz. 13: 
114. 1888. Bolander, Cal. Med. Gaz. 1870: 184 (40) (name 
only). 1870. 
Grimaldia Californica Steph. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6: 794. 1898. 
Thallus linear or spatulate-oblong, 6-20 mm. х 1.54 mm., 
* The peduncle of Grimaldia is said by Schiffner in his key to the genera of the 
Marchantiaceae to be without a <“ Wurzelrinne’’ (Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 
13: 25), but it is surely present in С. Californica, С. pilosa, G. andregyna ( Mar- 
chantia androgyna L. pro parte maxima, Grimaldia dichotoma Raddi) and in Amer- 
ican specimens of Grimaldia fragrans ; it seems, however, to be sometimes only 
rudimentary in European specimens of С. fragrans, though attributed to the species 
Without reservation by Nees and by Limpricht. 
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