52 MARCHANTIACEAE 
hairs: monoicous : androecia and 9 branches on short lateral in- 
novations, the latter 1.5-3 mm. in length, springing from the sides 
of the costa, those bearing a 9 branch expanded, emarginate, 
bilobed, or somewhat obcordate, I-3 mm. in maximum width, 
those bearing the androecia subclavate, only slightly expanded at 
the distal extremity, .75-1 mm. in greatest width, all furnished 
beneath with scales and root-hairs: 2 receptacles with 4-10 
antheridia, lightly papillate: 9 receptacle with a single archegonium 
in each of the 4 lobes, maturing, commonly, 3 or 4 sporogonia, 
subhemispherical at first, becoming subconical, depressed-umbo- 
nate, or muc hflattened, with lobes somewhat divergent, 2-3.5 mm. 
in maximum width, containing small air-chambers, rugose on 
drying, surrounded and more or less covered, when young and 
sessile, with narrow paleae, these springing mostly from its ventral 
surface or from the top of the peduncle, inconspicuous at 
first, becoming brown, circumscissile somewhat above the middle, 
the margin irregularly toothed ; spores obscurely tetrahedral, 
65-8 5 и, yellowish-brown, becoming darker, alveolate-areolate, 
with 4-6 areolae across each face, the angles of the spore with a 
yellow pellucid margin; elaters 200-250 и x 8-10 и, closely 
2-(3-) spiral. 
Exsicc. Hep. Bor.-Am. 1 364 (as Fimbriaria Bolanderi). 
Hep. Am. 158 (as Fimbriaria Bolanderi). 
On lightly shaded banks. Fruit Vale, Alameda Co. (Miss 
Edith S. Byxbee) ; Mill Valley, Marin Co. (Howe) ; Hood’s Peak, 
Sonoma Co. (Е. Т. Bioletti) ; Howell Mountain, Napa Co. (W. A. 
Setchell) ; Jackson, Amador Co. (бео. Hansen) ; Twin Oaks, San 
Diego Со. (Е. W. Koch). The species was originally collected 
at San Rafael by Dr. Bolander in 1865; it was also found by 
Dr. Bolander in the same year in dry ditches near the American 
River at Auburn. 
The lateral innovations in this species show a tendency to 
group in such a way that nearly all on one side of the thallus bear 
antheridial discs and nearly all on the other side 9 branches. 
№. the San Diego County specimen the elaters are sometimes 
unispiral. 
