LUNULARIA 59 
None of the Californian specimens seen bear 9 receptacles. 
The measurements of spores and elaters have been taken from a 
plant collected near Seattle, Washington, by C. V. Piper. 
‚ Conocephalum in а sterile state may be readily distinguished 
from Marchantia polymorpha by the usually longer thallus, the 
very distinct mostly hexagonal areolae, the simple (not “ сот- 
pound " ог“ dolioform ") stomata with pores easily visible to the 
unaided eye, the conical or elongate-cylindrical rostrum of the 
upper green cells in the air-chambers, the absence of marginal 
scales, the narrow clearly defined costa, etc. 
9. LUNULARIA Adans. Fam. Pl. 15. 1763. Ех Mich. Nov. 
| “PL Сеп. 4: ph 4. 1729. 
Thallus moderately large, furcate or often progressing by in- 
novations from the apex, with an effuse median thickening, the 
segments oblong or obcuneate, with a hyaline unistratose margin 
1-4 cells in width, areolae mostly indistinct after drying ; stomata 
simple, the pores invisible to the unaided eye, the surrounding 
elevated cells, however, often whitish and readily visible; chlo- 
rophyll-bearing stratum narrow in a sectional view, occasional cells 
of the colorless layer containing a large oil-body in the. form of 
an emulsion. Gemmae in crescentic receptacles, the thin entire 
margin of the latter wanting in front. —Dioicous (sometimes 
monoicous?)  Androecium sessile, oval-disciform, papillate, sur- 
rounded by a slight elevation of the adjacent parts. © receptacle 
arising from a deep sinus of the thallus, surrounded when young 
and sessile by a tubular-ovate sheath, consisting. of numerous 
scales, the inner of these membranous, hyaline, ciliate-fimbriate ; 
archegonia in commonly four groups of three or four, only one а 
each group developing а sporogonium ; receptacle destitute о 
stomata and root-hairs, consisting at maturity almost wholly of 
the slightly thickened top of the peduncle and of the 1-6 (usually 
4) spreading tubular involucres each surrounding a single sporo- 
gonium. Pseudoperianth wanting. Peduncle without a a 
hair furrow, delicate, pellucid, pilose, involucrate at base. Capsule 
dark-brown, obovoid, rather long-stalked, exserted from the 
bilabiate or repand-mouthed involucre, quadrivalved to the base 
in dehiscence, the valves often 2-parted, more or less twisted in 
drying, the cells of the wall without annular or spiral пас 
Spores yellow or brownish, smooth. Elaters bispiral, very Ws. 
and slender, often adhering a long time to the ends of the valves. 
Only one species of the genus is ordinarily recognized : 
