. 
158 JUNGERMANNIACEAE 
Plants moderately large, rarely small and slender, green or 
yellowish-green, tinging the water a yellowish-green when soaked 
out, in most species creeping and forming at length wide de- 
pressed mats. Stems rather loosely pinnate or subbipinnate, very 
rarely dichotomous ; the branches infrafoliar in origin. Leaves 
alternate, incubous, conduplicate-bilobed, the lobes mostly very 
entire, the ventral lobe smaller, often somewhat inflated near the 
fold, its free margin nearly always appressed to the dorsal lobe; 
leaf-cells small, chlorophyllose, often containing “ oil-bodies.” 
Root-hairs always springing from a mammilliform outpocketing of 
the ventral lobe near its base. Underleaves everywhere wholly 
wanting. Mostly dioicous, in a few Species paroicous or autoicous. 
· Апдгоесја іп dioicous Species amentiform, usually terminal on 
main stem or the principal branches; the 4 bracts 3-35 pairs, 
equitant, with subequal lobes; antheridia single or less com- 
monly in 2’s or 3s. Archegonia several, acrogenous, very rarely 
cladogenous, the matured perianth sometimes pseudolateral 
through the development of a “ subfloral " innovation. bracts 
a single pair, often a little smaller than the leaves, the somewhat 
enlarged ventral lobe without root-hairs. Perianth in most species 
strongly compressed dorso-ventrally, in a few subterete, very rarely 
саппаје or plicate, the mouth broad from the beginning, some- 
what bilabiate, the truncate lips entire or repand-crenate. Calyptra 
narrowly obovoid or elongate-pyriform, rather firm and subopaque, 
its walls composed of 2 or 3 layers of cells. 
Capsule mostly oval-cylindrical, 2-3 times as long as broad, 
4-valved to the base, the valves bistratose, the longitudinal walls 
of the exterior cells with moniliform or nodular thickenings, the 
much thinner interior cells usually with delicate transverse striae. 
Seta Short and stout. Spores large, subglobose or ellipsoidal, 
minutely granulate-papillate or subechinulate. Elaters long an 
slender, obtuse, closely spiral. 
2%. Key to the Species. 
Dioicous; androecia linear, amentiform ; dorsal leaf-lobes obovate, the inner margin 
adnate to stem, not surpassing it, leaf-cells 9-16 и; spores subglobose ог ellipsoidal, 
бои in maximum diameter. 1. R. Bolanderi. 
Paroicous; dorsal leaf-l 
obes quadrate-orbi i i ing the stem 
leaf-cells 16-24 ni 4 e-orbicular, the inner margin че , 
spores subglobose, 30-38 и. R. complanata. 
I. RADULA ВОГАХРЕЕ1 Gottsche ; Steph. Hedwigia, 23: 145. 
1884. 
Kadula spicata Aust. Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 6: 19. 1875. 
Pearson, List Can. Hep. 4. pl. 4. 1890. Not Radula spicata Mitt. 
Bonplandia, ro: 19. 1862. 
