172 JUNGERMANNIACEAE 
stem ; stylus small, lanceolate or subulate: underleaves distant, 
rhombic-obovate or somewhat orbicular, slightly exceeding the 
stem in width, bifid about one third their length with mostly sub- 
18—30 и, all rather thick-walled, trigones small or conspicuous, in- 
termediate thickenings very rarely developed : dioicous : androecia 
ovoid to oblong, 4 bracts in 4-15 pairs: archegonia 3 or 4, ter- 
minal on the main stem or a leading branch: 9 bracts in two ог 
three pairs, gradually two or three times larger than the leaves, 
unequally bifid, the dorsal lobes ovate, rounded-obtuse, entire or 
slightly repand ; lobules ovate or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, 
plane or lightly concave ventrally, entire except for a small tooth 
(stylus) near the middle of the inner margin: bracteole connate 
on one or both sides, ovate or oblong-ovate, commonly bifid 
М-М its length with acute lobes and sinus but sometimes rounded 
at apex or merely emarginate, rarely 3- or 4-dentate : perianth 
about half-emersed, obovoid, 1.2-1.6 mm. x .8-1. mm., with a 
rather broad, usually two-angled ventral keel and one or more 
supplementary ventral and dorsal ridges, very rarely with a few 
scattered tubercles, the beak short and broad and usually flaring 
at the mouth : capsule exserted by about its own diameter ; spores 
variable in form and size, mostly 40-60 и in greatest diameter. 
Exsicc. Hep. Bor.-Am. 105b. 
Hep. Am. 28. 
| On the bark of living trees (Quercus, Alnus, Umbellularia, 
Aesculus, etc.). Very common, especially in the Coast Range 
counties. Berkeley, Fruit Vale, and San Leandro (Prof LE 
der), San Francisco; Tomales ( Bolander) and Mill Valley, Marin 
Со.; Kenwood (Mr. Е. T. Bioletti), Sonoma Co.; Mendocino 
(Bolander); Blue Lake (1004), Humboldt Co.; Mt. Diablo, Contra 
Costa Со: Monterey (Prof. W. С. Farlow, May, 1885) and Pa- 
cific Grove, Monterey Со.; San Gabriel Mountains, near Pasadena 
(Prof. A, J, McClatchie, June 7 1893). The species extends 
northward to British Columbia, _ 
2. FRULLANIA CATALINAE Evans, Trans. Conn. Acad. 10: 11. 
; Pl. 4. 1897. 
Reddish-brown, sometimes tinged with green, depressed-caespi- 
tose : = : : 1 
uu T 2-15 mm. long, 1—1:8 mm. in diameter, irregularly 
р : dorsal lobes of leaves imbricate, squarrose or semivertic 
