186 ANT ACEAE 
a little widened toward the thin, subentire or repand-dentate, rarely 
scarious mouth, often longitudinally plicate toward the Базе: capsule 
slender, 25-50 mm. x.2 5—.5 mm., pale brown, short-pedicellate, the 
valves twisted ; spores yellow, thickly granulose-papillate, especially 
on the convex (outer) face, 35- 56 иш maximum diameter ; pseudo- 
elaters nearly colorless to light yellowish-brown, of 1-4 cells, 
geniculate, often branched, the cells extremely variable in size and 
form. 
On wet rocks and on the banks of rivulets near the water-line. | 
Olema (Jepson), Mt. Tamalpais, with Fissidens grandifrons 
(Howe, Setchell); Howell Mt., Napa Co. (Setchell); North Fork 
of Little River, Mendocino Co. ; near Eureka, Humboldt Co.; 
. Santa Cruz Mts. (Underwood) ; San Bernardino Mts. (Parish); 
near Pasadena (McClatchie); Twin Oaks, San Diego Со. (Koch). 
A. Carolinianus differs from A. laevis L., chiefly in greater size 
of the thallus, in the longer involucres, scarcely expanded, some- 
times contracted, at the mouth, and in the (typically) more slender 
capsules. The species as a whole is perhaps to be looked upon as 
an aquatic or semi-aquatic analogue of A. /aevis, from which it is 
probably not always distinct. It, however, departs so widely from 
the ordinary conception of Anthoceros laevis and is usually so 
easily recognizable that we think it has a fair claim to specific rec- 
ognition, 
The var. occidentalis differs from the Anthoceros Carolinianus 
Michx. ofthe Southern States in the usually more densely caespitose 
ascending thallus, sometimes forming, when growing, wide cush- 
‘ons 3-4 cm. in depth, while that of the typical A. Carolinianus 
18 commonly prostrate: in the occasionally glandular-thickened 
margins and lobes; and in the less slender capsule. In the glandular- 
thickened forms of this variety, involucres which seem abnormally 
shortened and incrassate (2-2.5 mm. x 1 mm.) are often found 
intermingled with the longer. Such involucres commonly have 
Scarious mouths. 
PLATE 121. ANTHOCEROS CAROLINIANUS OCCIDENTALIS. 
I and 2. Portions of the thallus, natural size. 
3-5. Involucres, та, 
6. Segment of thallus with marginal glandular-thickening, 
T : x 6. d 
7. transverse section of thallus segment (showing but one half the width), X 23 
8. Spores, X 305. ! 
9. Pseudo-elaters, X 225. 
