NESTS OF PSEUDCSCORPIONES. 107 
brushed on to the interior, first in one place and then in another. 
It fused at once to the substratum, the exceedingly fine threads 
now usually fusing separately without coalescing one with 
the other. ‘This was well seen on the roof, where the threads 
fused to the glass in more or less parallel order in series of 
several running side by side. An appearance similar to that 
here presented would be obtained perhaps if it were possible 
to take the lines from a sheet of music, obliterate one here and 
there, and turn the rest backwards and forwards in iregular 
fashion one over the other. The number of threads in a series 
varied, and in the present species not more than five were 
counted—that being the usual number ; so that it appeared that 
one or more of the branches of the galea had usually been inactive. 
With the two gale the animal could thus produce at least ten 
threads at a time; and it will be understood that the original 
parallel order was soon lost in the general confusion of a closed 
layer. Continuing thus to work at intervals for many days or 
even weeks, the animal at length produced the final dense tissue 
over every part of the interior of the nest. In the case of a 
perhaps unusually dense moulting-nest, this part of the work 
occupied the indefatigable energy of the animal during six weeks, 
the completed structure thus costing incredible labour. 
Chelifer latreillii Leach—belonging to the subgenus Chelifer 
s. S., and provided with eyes—was the subject of similar though 
less numerous observations. The galea is here shorter-shafted ; 
and its distal half is provided with small branches, which in the 
female—the organ is degenerate in the adult male—are six in 
number. Specimens were obtained from tussocks of Ammophila 
arenaria on sand-dunes; and the cells in which they were kept 
were provided with leaves of that grass and with sand. Brood- 
nests only were made—there were no immature individuals ‘to 
make moulting-nests—and little need be said of them since the 
animal’s methods were identical in al] essential matters with 
those of C. cyrneus. The extraneous materials employed were 
grains of sand, which the animal carried in the chelicere. Only 
a little sand was used, however, the spun-tissue being slight 
in texture and for the most part uncovered externally, The 
silk was seen to proceed from the gale, as before, and that 
deposited on the glass ran similarly in irregular more or less 
parallel series; in these, in the present case, six threads some- 
times occurred, presumably one from each of the six branches of 
the galea. 
Obisium muscorum Leach, the remaining animal observed, is 
of vastly different type. It is longer-legged and less solid; and in 
lace of the two dull eyes of Chelifer s. s. there are four shining 
with a white lustre. The chelicerz are large and without galee. 
The hard laterally compressed tubercle which replaces the galea 
has, especially in the female, a bold convex margin, on or near 
which, as already stated, Hansen more or less satisfactorily 
detected six minute openings. The animal is common and 
