62 MARINE BIOLOGY OF THE SUDANESE RED SEA. 
(3) in the spicules of the cortex of the main branches, which do not 
include any clubs or oval spinose bodies ; 
(4) inasmuch as from the canal-walls of S. ehrenbergi only spindles 
are reported. 
V. The specimens agree with S. hemprichi in the following respects : 
(1) There are 5-7 pairs of anthocodial spicules in each double row 
and the uppermost pair project very slightly. It is to be 
noted, however, that the number of paired spicules on the 
two rows on the ventral suriace of the polyp-head may be 
as few as two pairs. 
(2) The projecting spicule of the “ Stiitzbiindel ” has a smooth tip. 
(3) The spicules of the canal-walls are, on the whole, similar. 
In S. hempricht there are curved spindles, triradiates, and 
small bodies beset with several prongs. 
(4) The spicules of the cortex are arranged transversely. 
(5) The polyp-spicules are blood-red and the polyps yellowish. 
The only difference between Crossland’s specimens and those described 
by Kiikenthal lies in the general architecture, which is well represented 
by Kiikenthal’s drawing of S. ehrenbergi. They may be referred to the 
arborescens type of S. hempricht, which Kiikenthal describes as transitional 
between the glomerate and the divaricate mode of branching. 
Another specimen which is superficially very unlike the above, but closely 
resembles Kliinzinger’s figure of Spongodes hemprichi, is in its details so like 
what we have described that we cannot but refer it to the same species, which, 
therefore, includes two distinct modes of growth—that figured by Kiunzinger 
and the arborescens type of Kiikenthal. 
A case like this leads us to feel the precariousness of a classification which 
attaches much importance to modes of branching. 
Locality.—Shab Baya, near Rawaya. Previously recorded from Red Sea. 
SPONGODES HARTMEYERI, Kiikenthal. 
Two small rigid whitish colonies seem to be referable to this species, but 
differ in having no coloured spicules and in having rougher “ Stiitzbiindel ” 
spicules. They are probably young colourless forms. 
Locality—Khor Dongola. Previously recorded from the Red Sea. 
SPONGODES SUESIANA, n. sp. (Plate 5. fig. 1.) 
A brownish-yellow interesting colony of apparently glomerate type. It 
resembles in general architecture Kiikenthal’s Spongodes (Dendronephthya) 
clavata (see Versuch einer Revision der Aleyonaceen. Die Nephthyiden, 2te Teil, 
