134 MARINE BIOLOGY OF THE-SUDANESE RED SEA. 
ScRUPOCELLARIA MANSUETA, sp. nov. (Plate 10. fig. 15.) 
Zoaria widely expanding, usually 8 zocecia to an internode. Zocecia with 
large area about two-thirds of its length, wider at the distal end and without 
spines. There is no scutum, though in a few zoccia I have found a stout 
spine exactly corresponding with that of S. Jolloisii, Aud., and in each 
case the spine occurred on the zocecium just below the bifurcation and on 
the left side. The small median avicularia are directed diagonally down- 
wards, there is a small lateral avicularium, and on the dorsal surface a 
vibraculum by the side of the proximal end of the zocecium, while at 
the bifurcation there is one vibraculnm. The ovicell is widely open and 
perforate. 
S. mansueta differs from S. Jolloisi in not usually having oral spines or a 
stout spine over the area, but the occasional occurrence of this spine confirms 
the relationship; also in most characters there is a great similarity to 
S. ferox, Busk, in which, however, the median avicularia are much larger. 
The name is given from the unarmed character of the species, in comparison 
with S. Jolloisiit, Aud. There is a somewhat similar though more delicate 
form from Zanzibar in which there are three external and one internal spine. 
Loc. Suez, on sponge from underside of a buoy (28), collected by 
Crossland ; Ras el Millan, collected by Hartmeyer. 
ScRUPOCELLARIA SCRUPEA, Busk, var. DONGOLENSIS, nov. 
Scrupocellaria scrupea, Thornely, ‘‘ Manaar,” p. 109. 
There is a very stout penduncle to the scutum ; and close to the base of the 
peduncle, but on the zoccium next laterally, there is a very minute 
avicularium ; the lateral avicularia are very large, and the vibracular 
chamber extends diagonally nearly to the median line of the zoarium. 
The sete are smooth, and shorter than a zoecium. ‘The radicles are 
wide, long, and asa rule smooth, but occasionaily they are toothed at the 
end only. The ovicell is smooth, imperforate, and the operculum is entirely 
separable, as we have seen in Caberea Boryii, Aud., and C. Darwin, Busk. 
There are two spines on the outer border and one on the inner, and there, are 
two vibracula at a bifurcation, as in C. Delili, Aud., to which it is closely 
allied. The northern form S. scabra has only one vibraculum at a bifurcation. 
S. serupea, Busk, S. Macandrei, Busk, S. Delili, Aud., S. scabra, Van 
Ben., seem to form a closely allied group; and from what I have seen 
of specimens from the Hast, I am inclined to believe that this variety 
is what has frequently been called scrupea from the Indian and China Seas. 
There are 13 tentacles : in S. scabra, Van Ben., there are 16; in S. Smittiz, 
Norm., 15: in &. serrata, Waters, 15; in S. reptans, L., 14-16 (Hincks) ; 
S. Jolloisu, Aud., 16. 
Loc. Naples (one specimen in A. W. coll.) ; Trincomalee (B. Mus. coll.). 
