94 ME. p. DAT ON THE MARINE EAUNA 



At about ten miles from land, by means of a tow-net I 

 obtained my first examples o£ Entomostraca. 



July 1st, tbe tow-net yielded tbe same result as yesterday, 

 but in a larger amount. From 5 a.m. and until 7 a.m. tlie 

 dredge was used, having been put down in lat. 56° 40' N. by 0° 

 47' E. long., in fifty-tbree fathoms water having a surface-tem- 

 perature of 55°, and 48g° at the bottom, which was muddy or fine 

 sand, in which Mr. C. L. Jackson was unable to detect organic 

 matter. A swab had been attached to either end of the dredge, 

 by which means many sea-urchins and starfishes were secured. 

 The result hardly showed that good feeding-ground existed at 

 this spot. There were no fish ; and among the Crustacea were 

 three examples of Syas coarctatus, and fire hermit crabs {Pagit- 

 rus Bernhardus), which inhabited dead whelks or other univalve 

 shells. There were many of the common heart urchin and two 

 of the fiddle heart urchin, JBrissits lyrifer, Eorbes {Brissopsis 

 lyrifera, Agass.). 



The Mollusca were Mytilus phaseolimis, Phil., Modiolaria 

 nigra, Grray, several being alive as well as some of J^ucula nucleus, 

 Linn., Leda minuta, MlilL, Lucina iorealis, Linn., Vemis ovata, 

 Cardium fasciatum, Mont., Cyprina islandica, Liun., Astarte sul- 

 cata, Da Costa, Astarte compressa, Mont., Dentalium entalis, and 

 Psammohia ferroensis. There were likewise some live examples of 

 Venus ovata, JSfatica groenlandica, Astarte compressa, Dentalium 

 entalis, Linn., Ptmcttcrella noachina, Linn., TrocJius alabastrum, 

 Bech., Turritella terehra, Linn., Troplion clatliratiis, Linn. 



A single example of sea-mouse {Aphrodite actdeata), and a few 

 living Annelids, some corallines, &c. 



Dredge no. 2 was down from 5 p.m. until 7 p.m. It was put 

 overboard in lat. 56° 54' N. and long. 0" 33' W., in forty-two 

 fathoms water having a surface-temperature of 54°, and 49i° at 

 the bottom, which was sandy and shelly. Swabs were not 

 attached to the dredge on this occasion. The results were, compa- 

 ratively speaking, somewhat larger. Fish were absent; four crabs 

 {Hyas coarctatus) and more than a dozen hermit crabs ; eight 

 examples of Sippolyte spinus, which were bright red when first ob- 

 served ; three examples of a shrimp {Crangon Allmanni, Kinahan). 

 Polyzoa and sponges were in large numbers ; and the form jDopu- 

 larly termed the potato sponge gave six very interesting speciinens. 

 At first sight it appeared as if a hermit crab were living inside a 

 sponge, which possessed a smooth orifice'for the crab's benefit; 



