found in New South Wales. 245 
and generally ciliated; eyes sometimes two or even three, 
but frequently only one, that is, so closely approximated 
as to appear and even to be single. They are all free and 
unattached, swimming at large in the water. 
There are only two orders of Branchiopoda, viz.,— 
Phyllopoda (Latr.), and Cladocera. (Latr.). Both have 
representatives among the Australian Entomostraca. 
The present paper refers to the latter. 
The Cladocera, as an order, may be characterized as 
follows :— 
Body, except the head, which is distinct and projecting, 
entirely enclosed within a carapace formed of two valves 
. joined together on the back. Feet, four to six pairs ; 
articulations partly cylindrical, but chiefly foliaceous, 
branchioform, and not much adapted for organs of motion. 
Eye single, and very large. Antenne, two pairs; inferior 
branched, large, performing the functions of swimming 
organs. Mandibles without palpi. 
The Cladocere are divided into three families—Daph- 
niade, Polyphemide, and Lynceide. Of these, the first 
alone claim our attention at present. 
DaPHNIADZ. f 
Character.—Inferior antenne, almost always two- 
branched. Five or six pairs of feet, all enclosed within 
the valves of the carapace. Eye single, large. Intestine 
nearly straight. 
Mr. Baird has divided this family into the two parts 
Daphnina and Sidina. Of the latter, I have not as yet 
met with Australian representatives. 
DAPHNINA. 
Character.—Five pairs of feet. Inferior antenne, 
