BITUMEN, ASPHALTVM, PETROLEUM, ETC. 



215 



H. E, Wrigley-'- furnishes the following stsrtistics of production in the 

 Pennsylvania oil regions : 



Year. 



1859 

 1860 

 1861 

 1862 

 1863 

 1864 

 1865 

 1866 

 1867 

 1868 

 ]869 

 1870 

 1871 

 1872 

 1873 

 1874 



Product in 

 Barrels. 



3,200 

 050,000 

 2,113,000 

 3,056,006 

 2,611,359 

 2,116,182 

 3,497,712 

 3,597,527 

 3,347,306 

 3,715,741 

 4,215,000 

 5.659,000 

 5',795,000 

 6,539,103 

 9,879,455 

 10,910 303 



67,707,094 



Average 



pr-ce 

 per Year. 



Amount in 

 Dollars. 



per gal. 31 

 16 



"bbl$2 73 

 1 68 

 3 99 

 9 66 

 6 57 

 3 73 



3 18 



4 15 



5 85 



3 80 



4 35 

 3 75 

 1 84 

 1 17 



$ 41,614 

 4,368,000 

 5,770,123 

 5,135,098 

 10,419,322 

 20,442,318 

 22,979,967 

 13,418,775 

 10,644,433 

 15,420,325 

 24,651,750 

 21,504,200 

 25,208,250 

 24,521,636 

 18,173,197 

 12,765,054 



av. $3 48 $ 235 475,120 



Barrels crude 

 Exported. 



27,812 



272,192 



706,268 



796 824 



745,138 



1,685,761 



1,676,300 



2.429,498 



2,568,713 



3,530,068 



3,890,326 



4,276,110 



4,981,441 



4,903,970 



32,490,971 



Crude value 



of Export at 



Well. 



$ 75,926 



457,282 



2,818,009 



7,697,319 



4,895,556 



6,287,888 



5,330,634 



10,082,416 



15,026,971 



13,414,258 



16 922,918 



16 037,475 



9,165,851 



5,737,644 



113,950,156 



The Engineering and Mining Journal gives as follows: In 1875, 8,787,506 barrels pro- 

 duced ; 1876, 5,023,35] barrels produced, (estimated). 



In the Pennsylvania oil region there were drilled in 1869, 991 w^ells ; in 

 1870, 1,007 ; in'l871, 946 ; inl872, 1,032 ; in 1873, 530; in 1874, 433. Total 

 drilled from 1869 to 1874, inclusive, 4,939, or in round numbers 5,000, pro- 

 ducing 42,000,000. The average life of these wells is two and a half years.* 

 On January 1, 1876, there were 3,314 oil producing wells in Pennsylvania.f 



OTHER LOCALITIES OF OIL AND BFJ'UMEN. 



Ten years ago petroleum was known to exist in California, but only re- 

 cently was it thought to exist in large quantities. But it is only found 

 largely in the region of Lespe and San Fernando. The tw^o districts of 

 San Fernando and San Buenaventura are about fifty miles square. The San 

 Fernando district is in the northwest part of Los Angelos county, lying on 

 the foot hills and northeast slope of the San G-abriel mountains. The main 

 belt of oil bearing shale can be readily traced in a width of 400 to 500 feet 

 for about six miles northwest and southeast, between walls of sandstone, 

 dipping southwest 32°. There are numerous wells, but the district as yet 

 contains only one flowing well, yielding forty barrels daily. There is one 

 refinery, which produces from the crude petroleum 60 per cent, of illumi- 

 nating oil of 120° to 130° fire test, and 25 per cent, of fine-grained lubrica- 

 ting oil, the remaining 15 per cent, being fuel. 



The district of San Buenaventura lies west of San Fernando and forty 

 miles from Los Angelos and adjacent to the sea. It contains large petro- 

 leum springs, the oil of w^hich floats ofl" to the sea. The district has a re- 



* PenA. Geol. Kep., J , 1874. t Eng. andMin. Journal. 



