218 



BITUMEN, ASPHALTUM, PETROLEUM, ETC. 



ruinating oil, in fact it was quite celebrated, but the discovery of the rich 

 flowing wells of Pennsylvania suspended its production. The following 

 table includes analyses of some of the the Kentucky pyroschists as deter- 

 mined by the Second Kentucky Geological Survey : 



No. 



County. 



Edmondson.. 



Menefee 



Worn 



Breathett.. ..., 



McLean 



Mulhenbiirgh 



Sul- 

 phur. 



84 

 53 

 2,55 



Specimens of these were in the Kentucky collection at the Centennial. 

 Most of them are from the base of the coal measures. Number 1 is a can- 

 nel shale, which burns freely, is found under a considerable area in Butler 

 county, and is six feet thick. jSTo. 3 is also a cannel shale, which will form 

 a pulverulent coke. No. 4 is also a cannel shale, over three feet in thick- 

 ness, from Stillwater creek. No. 6 is from Wright's, on Frozen creek. No. 

 7 is a carbonaceous mud. 



West Yirginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa and 

 Kansas abound in similar bituminous shales. 



The bituminous shales of Collingwood, Ontario, when distilled, yield 

 three to four per cent, of tavYj oil, which, when rectified, affords illuminat- 

 ing and lubricating oil. The available shale bed is seven feet thick, and 

 its geological position the Utica slate. The best bituminous shales at the 

 Albert mines yielded sixty-three gallons per ton, and 7,500 feet of gas per 

 ton. They belong to the Carboniferous, 



NEW SOUTH WALES. 



The Kerosene shale beds underlie a surface of six hundred square miles. 

 Their geological position is in the Upper Coal measures. A section at Hart- 

 ley Vale Kerosene Coal Company's mine, eight miles east of Bowenfels, 

 gives: 



(at top) 1 foot 6 inches fire clay. 



One inch clay brand. 



Three inches black casing. 



Four inches impure shale yields forty gallons of crude oil. 



Six to eight inches black shale. 



One-half to eight inches band of inferior fuller's earth. 



Eight inches ferruginous shale. 



One-half to eight inches wet pipe-clay. 



Three feet two inches kerosene shale, yielding up to eighty gallons 

 refined oil per ton. 



10. Ten inches "bottoms," yielding sixty gallons of crude oil per ton. 



1. 



2 



3. 

 4. 

 5. 

 C. 



7. 

 8. 

 9. 



