762 MAINTENANCE OF THE PAVEMENTS IN PAMIS. 



products or inventions entering the Exhibition grounds are protected upon 

 the simple application for a certificate, delivered gratuitously, and the said 

 certificate is good for three months after the close of the Exhibition, and 

 without prejudice to the patent. All goods exhibited and sold shall pay 

 only the duty according to the tariffs of the most favored nation. This is 

 the best opportunity that can be offered to American manufacturers to learn 

 how they can compete with other nations in foreign markets. 



Messrs. Haight Bros. & Co., of 25 Pine street, New York, offer to attend 

 to American exhibits at the Exhibition, and, having in their partner, M. 

 Chantal, a gentleman long connected with French-American affairs in 

 Paris, will, we have no doubt, do so with entire satisfaction to those who 

 intrust them with their business ; they can also furnish any information 

 which proposing exhibitoirs may desire. — Engineering and Mining Journal. 



MAINTENANCE OF THE PAVEMENTS IN PARIS. 



For cleaning streets, machine sweepers are employed drawn by a single 

 horse, cleaning about 5,000 square meters an hour. 



The cost of keeping in repair is quite different for the different avenues; 

 For the Eue Lafayette it is 16.08 francs. 



The asphalt roadways have a joint area of 225,120 square meters, to 

 which should be added about 34,000 square meters for the walks through 

 the Macadamized streets. The price of construction varies from twelve to 

 fifteen francs per square meter. 



The repairing is done by contract for 1.10 francs per square meter per year 

 for the roadways, and 1.70 francs for the walks. 



The mean cost of repairing roadways in Paris, which was 1.08 francs in 

 1870, has been reduced to 0.82 francs. This reduction is due especially to a 

 change in many places from Macadam to paved roadways. The mean cost 

 of repairing pavemeat never exceeds 0.60 franc, while Macadam roadways 

 cost 1.80 francs per square meter. The latter should therefore be replaced, 

 except where they serve as promenades and ornaments, as in the boule^ 

 vards and avenues. 



The following estimates are extracted from a recent report to the Muni- 

 cipal Council of Paris by M. Watel. 



The number of vehicles Avhich pass daily through some of the principal 

 thoroughfares of the city have been ascertained to be as follows : 



Boulevard de Sebastopol 11,602 



Avenue des Champs Elysees.... 11,734 



Eue de Eivoli 13,898 



Eue Eoyale 16,117 



Boulevard des Capucines 19,043 



The paved roadways have an aggregate total area of 5,458,000 square 

 meters; their maintenance requires the constant service of 431 men {can- 

 tonniers). The cost per square meter varies from 15.90 francs to 20.40 francs 

 according to the gauge (.10 to .16 meter). 



