well shown at Heptonstall Eaves, or with more gradually sloping farm land 

 forming, as it were, an outer valley to the inner clough. The best impression of . 

 the alpine character of these doughs is to be gained by descending into Hebden 

 Bridge from Pecket Well by the Haworth road ; and there is a magnificent vista of 

 woodland scenery where the Hebien takes a sweep to the south near Walshaw 

 village — which the ordinary visitor to Hardcastle Crags never sees. 



ROUTES. — (i) Waggonettes leave Hebden Bridge station (Fare 6d. ) at 

 10-30 after the arrival of the 10-13 Ira-in from York and the 10-23 train from Leeds. 

 The general body of Naturalists under the leadership of Messrs. Crossland and 

 Needham will proceed to the stepping stones, Hardcastle Crags, then across to 

 Lumb Falls, and down Crimsworth Dean. (2) For members unable to reach 

 Hebden Bridge before noon, a late party under the leadership of Messrs. Crump 

 and Sutcliffe, on the arrival of the 1-3 p.m. train, will work Crimsworth Dean to 

 Lumb Falls. (3) The Geologists will proceed from the station on foot to Nut 

 Clough, thence to Pecket Well, returning via Crimsworth Dean. 



PERMISSION to visit their properties has been kindly granted by Lord 

 Savile, G. Sutchffe, Esq., and Crossley Head, Esq. 



GEOLOGY. — The Geological Section will be officially represented by Mr. 

 J. H. Howarth, J. P., F.G.S. 



Mr. Simpson writes : — The Hebden Valley, its tributaries, Crimsworth Dean 

 or Horsebridge Clough, and Nut Clough are cut through the lower members of the 

 Millstone Grit series of rocks, and the upper beds of what we have been accustomed 

 to describe as the Yoredale series, but which, according to Dr. Wheelton Hind 

 (who has in recent years devoted much time and ability to the fauna of these rocks), 

 we should more accurately class as the Pendleside Group. 



Entering Hebden Valley, the lower slopes will be seen capped by an escarp- 

 ment of massive, coarse, almost conglomeratic sand rock ; this is the Kinderscout 

 Grit, the lowest member of the Millstone Grit Series. It extends over a con- 

 siderable area of country, with similar lithological character, and will be familiar to 

 many as the rock of the Strid at Bolton Woods. The shales below this sand rock 

 are the upper beds of the Pendleside Group. 



The geologists should go up Nut Clough, a small valley which will be seen 

 entering the Hebden Valley from the east, a quarter of a mile or so above where 

 the Hebden joins the Calder. Up this Clough, the Kinderscout Grit with its 

 large quartz pebbles can be examined, and the large nodular concretions noted. 

 Emerging from the Clough just before coming to the bridge, if time allows, a 

 visit might be paid to the quarries at Cock Hill at the angle of the brow of the hill 

 above, here, unless they are now masked by fallen debris, two small coal bands in 

 the Middle Grits are exposed with their underlying seat earth. In the walls and 

 amongst the quarry refuse may be seen blocks of Galliard, a characteristic hard, 

 white seat earth, permeated with the rootlets of Carboniferous plants. 



From here the route is along the hill road almost due north, through the 

 village of Pecket Well, then forward for about a mile-and-a-quarter to Lumb Lane 

 on the left, when descent should be made to the stream bed of Crimsworth Dean. 

 Proceeding down stream, good sections are exposed in the shales of the upper 

 Pendleside beds, in which thin bands of limestone in nodular concretions occur, 

 which are very fossiliferous. The Pendleside Wells extend up the Hebden stream 

 bed to near the junction with Gorple Water. The crag of Hardcastle Crags is of 

 the Kinderscout Grit. 



BOTANY. — The Botanical Section will be officially represented hv Mr. 

 W. Ingham, B.A., and Mr. C. Crossland, F.L.S. 



Flowering Plants and Ferns. — ^Mr. W. B. Crump, M. A., writes : — Through- 

 out the district the oak is the dominant woodland tree and most of the woods 

 conform to the upland dry type, though in the valley bottoms the richer lowland 

 type is easily recognised, whilst conifers, chiefly Scots and Austrian Pine, have 

 been freely introduced in both the Hebden Valley and Crimsworth Dean. Where 

 Oak, Birch, and Scots Pine prevail, with a ground flora of bilberry, heather, 

 bracken, and hair-grass, there is little else to be looked for, though Pyrola media 

 belongs to this association, and cow-wheat and wood-sage are good indicator- 

 plants. The moister woodlands, clough thickets and marshes yield Stellaria 

 ■nemoriim, Hyperictun Androscumum, Geranium syJvaiiciini, Getim rivale, Jiosa 

 mollis, R. tomentosa, R. arvensis, Chrysosplenittm alternifolium, Epilobiuvi angtis- 

 tifolium, Sanicula europcea, Myrrhis, CEnanihe crocaia, Valeriana dioica, Cnicus 

 heterophylhts, Crepis pahidosa, Lactuca mm-alis, Jasione monfana, Campanula 



