Circular iSi.] 



6 p.m. — Tea. 



7 p.m. — A short meeting will be held, with the usual reports on 

 the forenoon proceedings. 



Conveyances will take guests to the Leeds Stations in time for 

 their respective trains. 



The local secretaries wish to point out that these invitations are only 

 available to Members and Associates who receive the formal invitation and whose 

 definite acceptances reach Mr. Pawson at Lawns House, Farnley, Leeds, not later 

 than Monday, nth July. It will readily be seen that this is very necessary to facilitate 

 the making of the requisite arrangements, and it will be equally readily understood 

 that driving and other accommodation can only be arranged for those whose replies 

 are to hand on the nth July. 



THE ALl'lNE iiOKDEK. 



GEOLOGY. — Farnley is placed at the height of 400 — 450 feet on the lowest Coal 

 Measures. The small plateau on which it stands is an equilateral triangle whose sides 

 are two miles in extent. Tlie base of this triangle is to the south, where the high 

 ground continues, but on the two other sides (north-west and north-east) the Tong 

 and Farnley beck have cut through the rocks down to the level of about 200 feet, 

 exposing the outcrops of the Black Bed Coal with its Clay Ironstone, and of the 

 Better Bed Coal and its Fire Clay. These two seams of minerals have been 

 worked Ijy drifts all round the hill, except on the north side, where a fault has 

 thrown out the Better Bed Coal. They have also been mined from the summit of 

 the plateau ; here the Black Bed is found from ten to twelve yards below the 

 surface, and the Better Bed at about fifty yards. The Halifax Bed (the lowest 

 seam, I tliink, of our Coal Measures) is supposed to exist at about 210 yards, but 

 this l^eing very thin, has not, I believe, Ijeen proved. At Park Spring, a bold bluff 

 which has been cut out by the stream, another fault has exposed the Elland Flags 

 which liave been quarried there for years. Stone of such fine equality has l^een dug 

 that it has been sent even as far as London. I have been told that it was used in 

 the construction of the Houses of Parliament, and, on account of its special 

 resistance to tlie action of water, in the building of one of the great Thames bridges 

 (London Bridge or Westminster). 



BOTANY. — To speak of the Flora of the Coal Measures to a resident botanist 

 is to pr(jbL- afresh a wound which is still smarting. Clays, sliales, and sandstones, 

 if they are not the rocks whicii are most dear to him — if they do not ncjurish such 

 interesting vegetation as mountain limestone or mica schist — yet, if left ti) 

 themselves, afford a rich choice of the plants which love coolness and moisture, 

 and the varied valleys which the streams so easily cut in them are the special home 

 of our grandest ferns. Thus, indeed (alack-a-day !), did Farnley get its name. 

 .\ dense population is, liowever, not favouralile I0 the existence of rare jjlants, or 

 of lh(jse of remarkable beauty. There is still a Dafl'els Wood, but it is a meadow 

 now, and the daffodils are gone. There is a Cowsli)i Close — wanting the cowslips. 



