SCIENCE 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 



Editorial Committee : S. Newcomb, Mathematics ; E. S. Woodward, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickering, 

 Astronomy ; T. C. Mexdenhall, Physics ; R. H. Thurston, Engineering ; Ira Remsen, Chemistry ; 

 Charles D. Walcott, Geology ; W. M. Davis, Physiography ; Henry F. Osboen, Paleon- 

 tology ; W. K. Brooks, C. Hart Merriam, Zoology ; S. H. Scudder, Entomology ; C. E. 

 Bessey, N. L. Britton, Botany ; C. S. Minot, Embryology, Histology ; H. P. Bow- 

 ditch. Physiology; J. S. Billings, Hygiene; William H. Welch, Pathol- 

 ogy ; J. McKeen Cattell, Psychology ; J. W, Powell, Anthropology. 



Friday, July 19, 1901. 



CONTENTS: 



A Century of Civil Engineering : Dr. J. James R. 

 Ceoes 83 



The British National Antarctic Expedition 94 



Teaching Chemistry in Schools: Dr. Rufus P. 

 Williams 100 



Scientific Books : — • 



Turneaure and Bussell on Public Water Supplies : 

 Professor Mansfied Merriman. WiUey^s 

 Zoological Results : Dr. G. H. Parker. Lilhe^s 

 Ergebnisse der neueren Sporozoenforschung : De. 

 C. W. Stiles 104 



Scientific Journals and Articles 107 



Societies and Academies : — 



Physics at the American Association. Section of 

 Biology of the New York Academy of Sciences : 

 Professor Henry E. Crampton 108 



Discussion and Correspondence : — 



The Washington 3Iemorial Institution : Dr. W J 

 McGee. The Royal Society of Canada : Dr. H. 

 M. Ami. A Homed Lizard at a High Altitude: 

 Professor T. D. A. Cockerell Ill 



Shorter Articles : — 



The Geologic Distribution of Pollicipes and Scal- 

 pellum: Dr. F. A. BATHER 112 



Quotations : — 



The Salaries of Scientific Men in the Employment 

 of the Government. The National University 

 Project 112 



A New Mammalian Genus 114 



TJie New Bureau of Forestry 115 



Scientific Notes and News 116 



University and Educational News 119 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended 

 for review should be sent to the responsible editor, Pro- 

 fessor J. McKoen Cattell, Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



A CENTURY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING.* 



The century which has just passed, the 

 nineteenth of the Christian era, is distin- 

 guished from any of the preceding hundred- 

 year periods in the world's history by the 

 advances made in the cooperation of inves- 

 tigators in numerous branches of science in 

 the formulation of doctrines regarding the 

 nature and coordination of natural phe- 

 nomena, which stand the test of experiment 

 and calculation, thus leading to a nearer 

 approximation to the undet"standing of the 

 laws which govern such phenomena, and so 

 to the development into a profession of the 

 ' Art of directing the great sources of power 

 in Nature for the use and convenience of 

 Man,' which Art is entitled Civil Engineer- 

 ing. This definition is itself one of the 

 most noteworthy products of the Nine- 

 teenth Century, and a studj^ of the sequence 

 of events and reasoning which led to its 

 formulation is not without interest. 



Ever since man became endowed with 

 consciousness and the power of reasoning, 

 he has been striving to solve the problems 

 of the physical world around him in which 

 he perceived matter in motion, which was 

 evidenced to his senses by sight and touch, 

 by sound and taste and smell, but which 

 was devoid of sentience, so far as he could 



* President's address before the American Society 

 of Civil Engineers at the Annual Convention at 

 Niagara Falls, N. Y., June 25, 1901. Transactions 

 Am. Soc. C. E., XLV., 599. 



