262 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XIV. No. 346. 



sacred room or kiva, the Sun is personated by 

 a man disguised as an eagle, whose performances 

 symbolize the fertilization of the earth. In his • 

 most curious and interesting article, Dr. Fewkes 

 makes it clear that the original significance of 

 the ceremonies has long been forgotten by the 

 Hopi. The editor, in treating of Kootenay 

 medicine-men, makes clear the manner in which 

 Christian ideas have intertwined themselves 

 with Indian beliefs ; he is of opinion that the 

 Nootka god Katse, whose name is kept secret, 

 save that the dying chief communicates it to his 

 grandchild, with instructions as to the manner 

 of praying to this being, is none other than 

 Jesus Christ. Miss A. C. Fletcher informs us 

 that admonitions urging industry formed apart 

 of Indian traditional teaching. Professor Rod- 

 ney H. True discusses the relation of folk ma- 

 teria medica to modern knowledge. The 

 ' Record of American Folk-Lore ' is as full and 

 instructive as usual. Altogether the new edi- 

 tor, Dr. A. F. Chamberlain, may congratulate 

 himself on the presentation of a valuable num- 

 ber. 



The American Naturalist for July opens with 

 the second instalment of William M. Wheeler's 

 paper on ' The Compound and Mixed Nests of 

 American Ants,' this part being devoted to the 

 known cases of social symbiosis among Ameri- 

 can species. Professor .Wheeler gives Was- 

 mann's table of the varied conditions under 

 which symbiosis may occur, and then presents 

 a scheme showing a more exact and natural 

 grouping of the cases, to each of which an 

 appropriate name is given. Under each of 

 these headings the various species are treated 

 in considerable detail ; the article is of consider- 

 able length and much interest. R. W. Shufeldt 

 presents a paper ' On the Osteology and System- 

 atic Position of the Alcse,' considering that the 

 auks constitute a suborder standing between 

 the gulls and petrels. A. W. Peters describes 

 ' Some Methods for Use in the Study of the 

 Infusoria ' and ' Outram Bangs ' gives some 

 ' Notes on a Small Collection of Mammals from 

 the Liu Kiu Islands ' including the description 

 of a new bat, Hipposideros turpis. C. W. Prentis 

 describes in detail an interesting ' Case of In- 

 complete Duplication of Parts and Apparent 



Regulation in Nereis virens Sars.' The four- 

 teenth instalment of the ' Synopsis of North 

 American Invertebrates ' contains the Hydro- 

 medusse, Part III., by Charles W. Hargitt. 

 Like the others of this valuable series, this 

 comprises full keys to the families and genera, 

 but it also has descriptions of the species. 

 This number of the Naturalist contains the 

 ' Quarterly Record of Gifts, Appointments, Re- 

 tirements and Deaths.' The total amount of 

 gifts reaches well into the millions, largely 

 through the sums given by Andrew Carnegie 

 to found libraries. 



The Popular Science Monthly for August has as 

 its frontispiece a portrait of Dr. Ira Remsen, the 

 recently elected President of Johns Hopkins 

 University. The first article, by J. J. Thomson, 

 is 'On Bodies Smaller than Atoms.' Brother 

 Potamian gives a sketch of ' Gilbert of Colches- 

 ter,' the author of ' De Magnete,' showing his 

 numerous discoveries in magnetism, and we 

 have Part II. of ' The Peopling of the Philip- 

 pines,' by Rud. Virchow. R. M. Wenley dis- 

 cusses 'Science and Philosophy,' noting the 

 estrangement that seems to exist between the 

 two and calling for harmony between them. 

 The ninth i)art of 'A Study of British Genius,' 

 by Havelock Ellis, is devoted to personal char- 

 acteristics, and William James treats of ' Fred- 

 eric Myers's Service to Psychology.' ' The Pose 

 of the Body as Related to the Type of the Cra- 

 nium and the Direction of the Visual Plane ' is 

 the subject of a paper by George T. Stevens, 

 the writer considering that many benefits and 

 ills depend upon the direction of the visual axis, 

 and that when these are so directed as to be 

 injurious they can be rectified. The final arti- 

 cle on 'The Great Mortality,' by Edward P. 

 Cheyney, is a description of the ' Black Death,' 

 now known as the bubonic i)lague, which dev- 

 astated Europe in the fourteenth centui-y. 



Bird Lore for July-August, opens with ' First 

 Impressionsof Hawaiian Birds,' by H. W. Hen- 

 shaw, an article which rather impresses the 

 reader with the comparative scarcity of bird 

 life and the difficulties in observing it. Frank 

 M. Chapman contributes ' A Nighthawk Inci- 

 dent,' with some excellent illustrations, after 

 photographs of the bird, and Verdi Burtch de- 



