384 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XIV. No. 349. 



been made on the estate of the Marquis of Ailes- 

 bury at Knowle Farm, on the borders of Saver- 

 nake Forest. A gravel pit was opened a short 

 time ago close to the farm buildings, and the 

 implements have been found at various depths, 

 some embedded in coarse gravel and silt and 

 others in dark red clay, at a depth in some in- 

 stances of 8 feet to 10 feet from the surface. 

 The ground is at least 450 feet above sea-level, 

 and it would seem that at the particular place 

 where the gravel occurs two or three streams 

 must have met which had had their courses 

 through the forest and were making their way 

 to the valley of the Kennet, some three or- four 

 miles to the southeast. There is now no stream 

 of water in any part of the forest, and besides 

 this there is nothing to indicate in the present 

 configuration of the ground the source from 

 whence the water by means of which the val- 

 leys were eroded could have come. It is only 

 by imagining an entirely different face to the 

 country (such as might have been if the valleys 

 had been eroded before the formation of the 

 Pewsey Vale, some three or four miles to the 

 southwest) that an origin for the streams in 

 these forest valleys can be conceived. Be- 

 tween 200 and 300 implements have already 

 been found, many of them of beautiful work- 

 manship, while others are very rude and 

 apparently unfinished. Whether these latter 

 belong to the earlier ' Eolithic ' period and 

 have been washed out of earlier beds of gravel 

 and deposited with implements of a later 

 date (as appears to have taken place on the 

 plateaus in Kent) is a point to be decided 

 hereafter; but it is very difficult to imagine 

 those rude implements to have been man- 

 ufactured by the same race of people as 

 have made and finished with so much care 

 those apparently lying by their side. Most of 

 the implements are of very superior flint, ex- 

 tremely hard in texture ; one or two may be 

 of chert, and one appears to be of ' Sarsen ' 

 stone, and they bear a marked similitude to 

 those found at St. Acheul in the valley of the 

 Somme. Many have been rolled and have lost 

 all their sharp edges, while others appear to 

 have been made on the spot and to have had but 

 little use before they were embedded in the stiff 

 clay where they are now found. Some are 



very finely polished, as if from the constant 

 rubbing of blown sand, and have an appear- 

 ance as if coated with glass. They are of all 

 sizes and shapes, some from 5 in. to 6 in. long, 

 generally of a rough, unfinished type ; others 

 Sin. to 4 in. long, of the common spear-shaped 

 form ; others of the well-known ovoid form ; 

 and others pointed as if to be used as drills. 

 One or two paleolithic implements have been 

 previously found in the locality ; but the oc- 

 currence of them in such large numbers as 

 these at Knowle is quite new to the district. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL NEWS. 



The University of Edinburgh receives £5,000 

 by the will of the late Miss Eleanor Omerod, 

 the entomologist. 



The Educational Beview, which each year 

 carefully compiles a black list of the institu- 

 tions that offer the degree of Ph.D. honora 

 causa, finds this year only two such institutions 

 — Bethany College and Dickinson College. 



Dr. J. W. Bashfoed, president of the Ohio 

 Wesleyan University, who, as we reported last 

 week, has been offered the presidency of the 

 Northwestern University, has decided to re- 

 main with the former institution at the urgent 

 request of the trustees. 



De. a. W. Haeeis, president of the Uni- 

 versity of Maine, has resigned in order to ac- 

 cept the position of director of the Jacob Tome 

 Institute at Fort Deposit, Md. 



De. a. p. Ohlmachee, director of the 

 pathol&gical laboratory of the Ohio Hospital 

 for Epileptics at Gallipolis, Ohio, has been ap- 

 pointed professor of pathology in the Medical 

 School of Northwestern University. 



Albeet Heney Yodee, A.B. (Indiana), has 

 been appointed professor of pedagogy at Wash- 

 ington University. 



Mr. E. K. McClung has been awarded au 

 exhibition scholarship of 1851 by McGill Uni- 

 versity. He will go to Cambridge University 

 to study under Professor J. J. Thomson. 



At Hartley College, Southampton, Dr. J. T. 

 Jenkins has been appointed lecturer in biology 

 and geology, and Mr. J. D. Coates assistant 

 lecturer in physics and electrical engineering. 



