October 18, 1901.] 



SCIENCE. 



599 



bined many less prominent but important 

 accessories, particularly access to an abun- 

 dant supply of potable water. 



10. ' Notes on Colors of Salsify Hy- 

 brids ' : Bykon D. Halstead. 



Hybrids between Tragopogon porrifolius L. 

 (garden salsify) and the wild species, T. 

 pratensis L., were reported on last year. 

 The following paper considers only the 

 color side of the results obtained with 

 hybrid seedlings the present year (second 

 generation hybrids). According to the 

 standard color chart employed (Prang's), 

 the cultivated salsify has for the color of 

 its corollas a mixture of violet and red, 

 corresponding to No. 224 (VRV/L), i. e., 

 light violet red violet — a shade of purple, in 

 ordinary language. The other parent has 

 a plain yellow. The direct hybrid of these 

 two is of two distinct types, the one with 

 the color uniform throughout the head, and 

 the other, about equally numerous, with a 

 yellow in the center, although here the tips 

 of all the corollas are of the same color 

 as the ray blossoms, namely No. 241 

 (ERV/DD), i. e., darker red red violet. 

 It is seen by this that the T. porrifolius con- 

 trols the color, although the violet of this 

 parent gives place largely to red. The 

 crossing is reciprocal and the results are 

 the same whichever is the seed parent. 

 Among the hundreds of seedlings grown 

 this season no less than 36 numbers upon 

 the color chart are represented. Out of 

 200 counts the following is the record for 

 the 13 having the largest score : Yellow, 

 10 ; light yellow, 12 ; lighter yellow, 6 ; 

 darker orange red orange, 9 ; darker red 

 orange, 6 ; darker red, 23 ; dark red, 13 ; 

 light red violet, 9 ; lighter red violet, 

 7 ; violet red violet, 23 ; light violet red 

 violet, 35 ; lighter violet red violet, 29 ; 

 dark violet gray, 6. It is seen that in the 

 second generation the colors are many. 

 Both parents are now represented, and 

 many intergrades between their respective 



colors. The yellows in all the tints score 

 28 points to 103 by the violet reds. If all 

 the shades obtained were enumerated under 

 their appropriate heads the violet reds 

 would outnumber the yellows by 41. There 

 were no pure orange blossoms, but in com- 

 bination with red there were many repre- 

 sentatives. The yellow failed to blend 

 with any other color. In one instance 

 there was a plant with slate-colored blos- 

 soms, thus bringing in the blue of the 

 chromatic scale, and several specimens had 

 a strong tendency towards chlorosis, thus 

 completing the series in the solar spectrum. 

 A chart of the prismatic colors, violet, 

 blue, green, orange, yellow and red was con- 

 structed, and the parent hybrid and its seed- 

 lings located with pasters of colored paper, 

 while the relative amount of each of the 

 latter was shown by the size of the paper 

 bearing the color corresponding to that of 

 the seedling hybrid flowers thus graphic- 

 ally represented. It is thus evident that 

 with the salsify hybrid, while there is uni- 

 formity the first year, it is otherwise the 

 second season, with a tendency to revert to 

 the parent types. The red, present in ob- 

 scure form in one parent only, becomes 

 very prominent the first year and yields 

 many unmixed reds the second. Out of 

 this union by selection it is probable that 

 many strongly contrasting types might be 

 fixed. 



11. 'Observations on Egregia menziesii' : 

 Francis Ramaley. 



Egregia consists, as do the other Lami- 

 nariacese, of hold-fast, stipe and lamina ; 

 the branching of the stipe gives rise to 

 members (branches) each having the char- 

 acters of the entire froad of Alaria. The 

 multiform proliferations which occur on 

 both stipe and lamina replace functionally 

 the large lamina in other genera. This 

 structure is, in Egregia, greatly reduced in 

 size and importance. On account of the 

 great elongation of the stipe a floating ap- 



