December 27, 1901.] 



SCIENCE, 



1003 



engines and windmills) ; farm machinery (gen- 

 eral principles, belting, farm pumps, hydraulic 

 rams); principles of weather forecasting, includ- 

 ing discussions of the atmosphere and its move- 

 ments and weather changes. 



W. H. Beal. 



Chemieche und medicinische Untersuchungen. 

 Festschrift zur Feier des sechzigsten Geburts- 

 tages von Max Jaflfe, mit Beitragen von 



M. ASKANAZY, P. BADMGARTEN, M. BERN- 

 HARDT, E. CoHN, Th. Cohn, W. Eliassow, 

 A. Ellinger, J. Frohmann, P. Hilbert, 

 Lassar-Cohn, D. Lawrow, E. v. Leyden, 



W. LiNDEMANN, W. LOSSEN, H. MeYER, 



E. Neumann, H. Nothnagel, E. Salkow- 



SKI, W. SCHBELE, L. SCHREIBER, A. SEELIG, 



S. Stern, O. Weiss, R. Zander. With 8 



plates. Pp. 472. Braunschweig, Friedrich 



Viewig und Sohn. 1901. 



Such volumes as this ' Festschrift ' are al- 

 ways of interest in recalling definitely the po- 

 sition and achievements of the scientist ' to 

 whom they are dedicated, since they come at a 

 time when his great creative work is generally 

 completed. They reveal also something of 

 that side of scientific investigation, unnoticed 

 in the journals and text-books, but of so much 

 importance in the development of thought, the 

 personal relations of the investigators, their in- 

 fluence upon each other, and the inspiration 

 derived by both from the association of teacher 

 and pupil. The papers contributed to volumes 

 of this character are, indeed, frequently dis- 

 tinguished for kindliness of intention, rather 

 than for intrinsic merit. Such is not the case 

 in this volume. Most of the papers are the 

 first presentation of important investigations, 

 which might take their place worthily in any 

 scientific or medical journal. The remaining 

 articles, although presenting no new facts, are 

 interesting on account of the ability and repu- 

 tation of their writers, and afford suggestive 

 discussions of some of the problems which are 

 of special importance at the present time. 



This volume is in every respect a fitting 

 tribute to Jafle. Although, of course, no word 

 of it was written by him, there is throughout a 

 tone which clearly reflects his influence. The 

 firm grasp of the purely chemical aspects of the 

 problems, even when dealing with clinical or 



pathological subjects, the definiteness of the 

 problems set before the investigator, and the 

 clearly devised and vigorously executed ex- 

 periments employed for their solution, show in 

 the pupils the imprint of the teacher ; in the 

 friends, the influence of the coworker. It is 

 one of the most hopeful signs for the future of 

 medical investigations that they are adopting 

 from chemistry and physics that habit of meas- 

 uring without which science would be mere 

 empiricism. If that quality be sought in Jaffe's 

 researches which most entitles them to their 

 place, it would probably be found in the exact- 

 ness of the chemical methods employed. They 

 are excellent examples of the application of 

 pure chemistry to the problems of biology. 

 Jafle has rarely left an investigation of the 

 complex organic |^substances, whose origin or 

 influence in the animal body he has discovered, 

 without having established also their structural 

 formulae. He seems to possess the even rarer 

 gift of impressing this trait on others. 



The contents of the volume are arranged in 

 three parts, of which the first is devoted to 

 clinical medicine. In the opening article, v. 

 Leyden, as the oldest friend and coworker of 

 him in whose honor he writes, reminds the 

 reader that they two were the first to introduce 

 into medicine, as long ago as 1866, the use of 

 oxygen gas. After reviewing briefly the oppo- 

 sition or rather indiflerence with which this 

 method of treatment was long regarded, espe- 

 cially in Germany, the writer dwells with just 

 pride on the universal acceptance at the pres- 

 ent day of the value of oxygen inhalation, not 

 only in cases of morphine, strychnine and car- 

 bon-monoxid poisoning, extreme chloroform 

 narcosis and dyspncea from many other causes, 

 but also as a therapeutic agent in several of the 

 diseases of the respiratory organs. Following 

 this paper are articles by Nothnagel on ' In- 

 testinal Hemorrhages,' Scheele on 'Subphrenic 

 Abscesses,' and Frohmann on 'Primary Sar- 

 coma of the Intestine.' To these are added a 

 report and discussion by Eliassow on ' Three 

 Cases of Degenerative Chorea,' and by Bern- 

 hardt three reports upon cases of ' Local- 

 ized Convulsions in the Upper Extremities,' 

 ' Localized Convulsions in the Lower Extremi- 

 ties,' and 'Infantile Facial Paralysis.' To 



