SCHUMACHER ON KJOKKENMODDINGS OF OREGON. ol 



As the adjoining country of the Eogue Eiver is also an excellent hunt- 

 ing-ground, of course the favorable places along its banks had been 

 settled by Indians. This is demonstrated by several deserted camps, 

 formerly inhabited by the Me-M-ne-ten, before the mouth of the Illinois 

 Eiver is reached, where the main tribe of the SMs-ta-Ms-ta dwelt. On 

 both banks of the mouth of the Eogue Eiver were the Yd-sut stationed- 

 That place is now obliterated by buildings and improvements. 



While at Eogue Eiver, the weather had become threatening, and rain 

 set in on the morning of October 17 while we were finishing our prepara- 

 tions to move down to Pistol Eiver. It was tedious, disagreeable work 

 that day : the miserable trails had become slippery, and in consequence 

 almost impassable even for our mules, which showed much opposition 

 to carry a heavy load, made more so by a soaking rain. But all went 

 on as well as could be expected under such disadvantageous circum- 

 stances, thanks to our experienced packers, until dark night set in, when 

 we neared the roaring ocean, where the trail, almost at our destination, 

 trends down a steep bluff, and j)asses at its base over bowlders; there 

 our animals became terrified by a loose pack to such a degree that noth- 

 ing could check them, and they darted off in a full stampede, scattering 

 the packs along the beach. This caused us considerable trouble during 

 the rainy night in searching for and removing the stuff out of the reach 

 of high tide. 



The next day we established our camp, and began excavations at the 

 main rancheria of the CMtl-e-shm on the elevated ground at the last 

 bend, near the mouth and north of the stream called Pistol Eiver (Map 4) 

 [Plate 7]. 



The tribe of the Chetl-e-shin once occupied the country between Cape 

 Sebastian in the north and Mack's Arch in the south, a very prominent 

 arch-rock lying about a mile to the southwest of Crook's Point, and 

 nearly as far from the shore — in all about eight miles in a straight line 

 southward of Cape Sebastian. Almost opposite of Mack's Arch, from 

 which the tribe received its name {CMtl-e-shtn, meaning big rode, as I was 

 informed by a Chetko Indian), are found the extensive remains of their 

 southernmost village. The next important one going north is at Crook's 

 Point, a minor one at the eddy of the Pistol Eiver, whence the stream runs 

 parallel with the ocean beach for about a half mile to its outlet, where 

 the main settlement is located. To the north of Cape Sebastian was 

 the hunting-ground of the Ya-sut, having had their main station on both 

 banks at the mouth of Eogue Eiver, as already mentioned. South of 

 Mack's Arch, the range commences which was formerly claimed by the 

 KJmst-enet. 



There are still visible at the main station of the Chetl e-shin about 

 fifty depressions of former houses, some of them obliterated by others 

 of a subsequent occupation, and others again filled in by the Indians as 

 if on purpose, and not by the action of time. After considerable work 

 was done in searching for a cemetery, but without the desired result, we 



