EELLS ON THE TWANA INDIANS. 59 



Piiherty. — In males at the age of fourteen, and in females about the 

 age of thirteen. 



Crosses. — They cross with all races. 



Dentition. — The teeth come about the same, as in white children, but 

 they wear down early in life. They attribute it to eating dry salmon, 

 though this is not the cause. 



Loss of power. — It is lost sooner than with white persons. 



Growing gray. — There are very few gray people among them. They 

 do not grow gray as soon as white persons, owing to the freedom from 

 mental care and strain, their out-door life, and the bareness of the head 

 from covering. 



Longevity.— I think it is ten years less than with white men. 



B. — Pathology. 



Diseases. — The principal ones are scrofula, consumption, bleeding at 

 the lungs, scrofulous swellings and scrofulous abscesses, all of which are 

 grafted on a scrofulous diathesis; also acute and chronic bronchitis, all 

 forms of catarrh, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, conjunctivitis, skin diseases, all 

 forms of syphilis, gonorrhoea, toothache, and chronic rheumatism. There 

 are others, but they are not common. 



Physical effect of diet, habit, and climate. — These have been the means 

 of producing a scrofulous diathesis from generation to generation, and 

 thus of shortening their lives, as previously stated. The dampness of 

 the climate also produces rheumatism and consumption. 



Fain and healing. — They are not sensitive to pain. Outs and wounds 

 heal easily. Scrofulous diseases are very difldcult to cure. 



Abnormalities and natural deformities. — There are no natural deformi- 

 ties. 



C. — Psychical phenomena. 



Mental capacity for acquiring, remembering, generalizing, volition. — In 

 school, the Indian children acquire on an average as rapidly as the 

 white children in the same school, who have had the same advantages 

 in the primary studies, but do not progress as well in the more advanced 

 studies. The younger ones reason a little, and the older ones more, 

 sometimes quite sharply. The strength of will in some of the older 

 ones, who become leaders, is quite great, but that of the common peo- 

 ple is not very great. Their memories are good. 



Sagacity in tracking game, folloiving bees, and other occupations. — They 

 have no bees; but in tracking game, they will notice very little things, 

 and follow generally until they find it. In obtaining fish, they have 

 also a large amount of patience and good habits of observation. The 

 greater portion of them have, however, of late years, left these pursuits 

 as their principal means of support, aud follow American forms of labor, 

 chiefly logging aud working for the whites, making gardens, and rais- 

 ing hay. At these things they are quite industrious, and on most 



