66 BULLETIN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



Plans of interior arrangement ; structures at different seasons. — Their 

 best houses, which are built by Government help, are on their farms, 

 most of them on the Skokomish Eiver bottom, which is liable to over- 

 flow in the winter. Hence the houses are built on blocks about two 

 feet from the ground, which renders them cold in the winter. Owing 

 to this, most of them leave them in the winter, and go to some large 

 houses at Eneti, that part of the reservation which is on Hood's Canal, 

 and is not liable to overflow. 



The summer houses are mostly about 16 by 22 feet, and generally di- 

 vided into two rooms, one for a bed-room and the other for a kitchen 

 and eating-room. Sometimes there is only one room, and sometimes 

 there are the two and a shed-kitchen added. A few of the rooms are 

 papered, and most of the houses have a cook-stove, one or two bed- 

 steads, a cupboard, a few chairs and trunks, &c. 



Their winter houses are much larger, four times as large often, or 

 larger, generally 25 or 30 by 40 or 50 feet, and are for several families, 

 but with no partition. There is no floor but the ground, excepting 

 against the wall all around for about 6 feet from it. Above this floor 

 there are bunks all around about 3^ feet wide, on which they sleep. 

 The doors are either in the middle of both ends of the house, or in the 

 middle of one side, and in each of the four corners one or more families 

 reside, building their fire on the ground, and letting the smoke escape 

 through holes in the roof. Their trunks, provisions, &c., are stored on 

 the small board floor. The workmanship of these houses is much poorer 

 than of the summer houses. Each house is owned by one man, and he 

 allows his friends to live in a part of it, but they pay him no rent. I 

 shall speak of these two different kinds of houses as summer and winter 

 houses, although they are not strictly such, as a few use each kind all 

 the year round, and during the coming winter most of them expect to 

 live in their new, better houses, which I have termed summer houses. 



Ancient structures. — They were small, movable, and generally made 

 of split cedar boards, poles, and mats. Occasionally, when they are oft' 

 fishing, or away from home for a time, they build such now. They are 

 5 or 6 feet high, 14 by 18 feet or less 5 the door is a mat, and all the 

 property is stored in this house, consisting of a single room, where 

 they also eat and sleep. The fire is in the middle of the house, and 

 when they are fishing, the fish are hung overhead, where they dry in 

 the smoke. There is no floor but the ground, or sometimes a mat. 



Out-huildings. — (1) A barn for hay, as they use no other kind of feed. 

 This is either a shed made by setting posts in the ground, and cov. 

 ering it with split cedar boards, varying in size, according to the 

 amount of hay, which is usually not more than three or four tons ; or it 

 may be one of their houses, for they sometimes store hay in a part and 

 live in the other part, or they fill the house with hay and go away for the 

 summer, either at work in a logging camp or fishing. 



