EELLS ON THE TWANA INDIANS. 77 



G. — Other personal ornaments. 



Fmis. — Boughs of trees are used for fans, also birds' wings and tails^ 

 especially those of eagles and hawks. 



Parasols, shades. — None are used to protect them from the sun. A 

 few have American umbrellas for rainy weather. 



Artificial flowers. — The few women who have American hats have 

 artificial flowers in them. They use no others. 



Beads. — They are common for necklaces; a few also use them for trim- 

 ming dresses. A few children have their dresses trimmed with dimes,. 



on the shoulders. 



vS 6.— IMPLEMENTS. 



* 



I. — Of general use. 



Knives. — American eating, butcher, and pocket knives are in com- 

 mon use. They also make one of steel, with a wooden handle. It is 

 about six or eight inches long, and curves at the end, as shown at Fig. 

 L, Plate 23. 



Chopper-Tcnives. — The}- use none. Formerly they made one similar in 

 shape to a chopping-knife, of tin, for opening salmon. 



Axes and hatchets. — All use American ones, as they do a large amount 

 of logging. 



Adzes and ivood-scrapers. — They make a small hand-adze of a large 

 file, sharpening it at one end and fastening the other to one branch of a 

 forked stick with rawhide, while the other branch is used as the handle. 

 Each branch is about six or eight inches long. 



Wedges and mauls. — Both are in use. The mauls are made by them- 

 selves, as Americans make them, or with the help of the Government 

 carpenter. Old ax -heads are also often used for wedges. They were 

 formerly made of elk-horns, pieces a foot in length being cut off from 

 the base where they are two and a half or three inches in diameter. 

 Wooden ones are also used. 



Chisels, gouges, and the like. — They have American chisels. 



Saicing -tools. — American hand and cross-cut saws are in common use,, 

 the latter chiefly in logging. 



Hammers. — They use American ones chiefly. A few have the old 

 stone ones, made in the shape of a pestle. 



Drills and perforators, emhracing awls, reamers, hand and how drills. — 

 American awls and augers are in common use. 



Clamps and nippers. — They have American nipj)ers. 



Easjys and other smoothing -tools. — They have American drawing-knives 

 for smoothing boards, and some of them are able to use a plane, but 

 they own none. 



Whetstones and other sharpening tools. — They have American whet- 

 stones, and some own grindstones. They use American files, large and 

 small, for filing saws. 



