8G 



BULLETIN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



Harness for horses. — This year a number of American harnesses have 

 been furnished them among their annuities. Previously to that, a few 

 ropes and bands roughly put together generally answered the little use 

 they had for them. American ox-yokes are used always with the oxen. 



Trappings, tassels, saddle-cloths, fringes. — Hardly anything of this kind 

 is used. 



Sledges., emhracing sliding vehicles of all Icmds. — Sleds are in common 

 use for hauling hay, lumber, &c. Some are very roughly made and 

 slender; others are quite strong. As the reservation is not three miles 

 square, with water on two sides of it, and the greater portion of their 

 houses not far from the water, they do most of their transportation in 

 canoes. 



Road-niaTcing and tools. — Roads for common traveling are simple, a 

 trail sufficiently wide for walking and traveling on horseback being cut 

 through the timber with an ax. A few roads are wide enough for a 

 sled, drawn generally by oxen. Their logging roads are more expen- 

 sive. Of necessity in hauling long logs there cannot be short turns in 

 them, they must be tolerably level, and also must go through heavy 

 timber. Large trees must be cut down, large logs cut out of the way, 

 roots dug out, holes filled up, and small banks dug down. This is done 

 ■with axes, saws, spades, and shovels. Then skids, about a foot in diam- 

 eter and eight feet long, are placed across the road, at intervals of about 

 ten feet, on which the logs are hauled. Where it is very muddy, espe- 

 cially over the salt-water marsh, corduroy road and bridge are made. 

 On one road there is more than a thousand feet of this work. The skids 

 are kept constantly oiled with dog-fish oil, so that the logs may slide 

 easily. 



Postal apparatus for sending messages, means of signaling, public convey- 

 ances. — None. When they wish to send a message, some one goes In 

 person, or occasionally they get some one who can write to write for 

 them and send by mail. 



^S.— MEASURING AND VALUING. 



A.— Counting. 



The extent and character of their numeral system : — 



1. Da'-kus. 



2. Es-sa'-le. 



3. Cho'-us. 



4. Boo'-sus. 



5. Tsa-whess' (whisper first sylla- 



ble). 



6. E^pah'-chy. 



7. Tu-khos'. 



8. T-kah'-chy. 



9. Hwi'-lea. 



10. O'-pah-dich. 



11. O'-pah-dich-klo-de dakus. 

 20. Tsub-klak'. 



30. Chah-dahk'-klak. 

 40. Shtib-oo'-sus. 



50. Tsitss-a- whus' (whisper first syl- 

 lable). 

 60. Stee-a-pah'-chy. 

 70. Stich-tu-kos. 

 80. St-tu-kah'-chy. 



