102 



DE. H. P. STANDING ON SUBFOSSIL 



than even those of A. majori and are more vertical in position, bearing indeed a very- 

 close resemblance to those of many of the Cercopithecidfe (text-fig. 21). The outer 

 pair of incisors are small and at their inner margins are turned in to such an extent as 



Text-fiff. 21. 



a 



c 



d 



Upper incisors of (a) Arcliceolemiir edwardsi compared with those of (6) an Old World Monkey 

 {Macacus cynomologus) ; c and d, the same, as seen from below. 



to be slightly overlapped by the median pair, in this condition also not greatly 

 difi"ering from Paj)io and Macacus. The incisors of the lower jaw of A. edwardsi 

 were apparently more cylindrical in shape and less inclined than those of A. majori, 

 though varying degrees of inclination may be observed in difi'erent specimens. 



Text-fig. 22. 



Showing different stages in evolution of pectinate or scraping instrument formed by the lower 

 incisors : — A. Palceopropithecus maximus ; B. Archceohmur edwardsi ; C. A. majori ; 

 D. PropiiJiecns ; E. Indris ; F. Lemur. 



These lower incisors are much more massive teeth than those of Hadropithecus, and 

 their worn surfaces show clearly that they were still directly opposed to the upper 

 incisors, and were used for biting just as in the case of the Cercopithecidse. It should 

 be noticed in this connexion that A. majori has apparently gone further in the direction 

 of that specialisation of the lower incisors which in the case of the extant genera of 

 the Indrisinse and Lemurinae has resulted in the production of a tool of pectinate form 

 used for scraping and rasping and also for combing the fur. The different steps in 



