" Andrey ore ploohom " 

 would mean: Andrew plows with the plough, where "ore" reminds us of 

 Latin "arare" to plow and of "arable" land in English. "Marina pase 

 hoosy" means: Mary feeds the geese. "Tomko pase swyni" means: Tom 

 feeds the swine. Pasty means to feed or to tend a flock and therefore pastor 

 means pastyr in Ruthenian. "I am the good shepherd" sounds: "Ya yesm 

 'pas^tyr' dobry" in Ruthenian. 



Surely the ancestors of the Ruthenians and of those who speak the English 

 tongue spoke languages much similar to each other. We need not consult 

 many books to find the truth of it. Take for instance such phrases as this: 

 "Bystra struja rushila cherez dolynu." It means: The boisterous stream rushed 

 over the dale. "Pohanskij hetman lezhav prosterty pered tzarem" means: The 

 pagan chief lay prostrate before the tzar (or the king, which means practically 

 the same thing). 



And to change the subject into one more idyllic: 



How would that phrase sound in Galician: 



"The sister is sitting a while in the garden and is plaiting a garland from 

 roses, periwinkle and tulips." 



"Sestra sydyt' hvylu oo horodi i plete girlandu z rozh, barvinku i tuli- 

 paniw." 



Then we ought not to be astonished in seeing a common ground which 

 both languages have in words handed down to them by the Christian religion 

 such as Angel, Archangel, Apostol, Kleric (Cleric), Parochialny, Episcop, 

 Presveeter (Presbyter), Diakon (Deacon), Eucharistia, Christiane, which 

 sound almost alike in both languages. 



ETHNOGRAPHICALLY RUTHENIANS ARE ONE WITH 

 OTHER SLAV PEOPLES. 



The vast plain of Eastern Europe was inhabited in prehistoric times by 

 Sarmats and later on by Scythians, of whom Herodotes wrote in the Fourth 

 Century, B.C. Then the Avars, the Huns and the Goths wandered through 

 those plains and left but very few traces of their settlements. 



The Hermitage Museum at St. Petersburg possesses two vases of a high 

 artistic taste, representing Scythians. They are the silver vase of Nicopol and 

 the golden vase of Kertch, and date from the Fourth Century, B.C. The 

 Scythians of the silver vase are represented breaking-in and bridling their horses. 

 They have long hair, long beards, large features, tunics and trousers, and look 

 very much like the present Slav inhabitants of those countries. 



The ancestors of the present Galicians, Russians, Poles and all Slav 

 nations had one national catch-word by which they designated those who were 

 akin to their nation. It was not the political union; it was not the one higher 

 principle of nationality they tried to maintain. They were yet too childish 

 and perhaps too harmless to rise to that abstraction. The measure by which 

 they measured a man is this: Does he speak intelligibly? 



