GASTRIC GLANDS OF THE MAESUPIALIA. 3 



more closely resembling the gastric glaad of Phascolomys than 

 the corresponding structure in Phascolarctus. But the glaud 

 differs from that in the Wombat and Koala in that the openings 

 have a serial arran.;ement ; though, from the accounts given by 

 various authors, the number and precise disposition of these 

 openings is irregular. Such variation also occurs in the two 

 Marsupials. 



Manis javanica also possesses a complex glandular apparatus 

 which may be termed a gastric gland, using the term in the 

 same sense as in connection with the stomachs of Castor and the 

 Marsupials. But the stomach oilfanis (fig. 1,IV., p. 4), which 

 was minutely described by Weberinl891(12), is a very specialized 

 one ; and the gastric glaud is certainly morphologically a different 

 structure from the " gastric glands " of other Mammalia. The 

 epithelium of the stomach, with the exception of certain patches, 

 is a non-glandular one, euticular in nature. Three groups of 

 openings, leading into much branched gland tubules, occur — 

 one at the pyloric aperture, one on. the lesser curvature, and one 

 on the greater near the orifice of the gastric gland. The latter 

 is a prominent pad on the region of greater curvature, projecting 

 into the cavity of the stomach and opening into it by a single 

 opening. "Within there is a system of complex foldings, lined 

 with an epithelium, which consists of closely set gland tubules 

 possessing the characteristic central and parietal cells. At the 

 opening of the gastric gland there is a portion of the euticular 

 epithelium covered over with small horny processes. A similar 

 structure (Triturationsorgan) is found on the greater curvature 

 at the opening of the gastric gland. 



The " Vormagen " of Myoxus avellanarius (fig. 1, V., p. 4), and 

 teh glandular appendage on the cardiac portion of the stomach 

 of Manatus australis, which Leydig (7) compares with the gastric 

 gland of the Beaver and the " Vormagen " of Myoxus, are evi- 

 dently only analogous structures. 



My material consisted of the stomachs of specimens of Phasco- 

 lomys and Phascolarctus. The Wombat was a full-grown animal, 

 and the area on the smaller curvature occupied by the glandular 

 thickening measured 2'8 cm. along the longitudinal axis, and 

 3'4 cm. on the shorter axis of the stomach. The gland was 

 situated closer to the (Esophagus than in the case of the Koala, 

 and its thickened rim partially embraced thelat'er, several of the 



