•PISHES or LAKE URMI. 387 



the eye being two thirds of its length and one fourth o£ the 

 length of the head ; interorhital space broad and flat, its width, 

 being a little more than the diameter of the eye. Upper jaw 

 overlapping, but not much prbjecting beyond the lower ; maxillary 

 barbel reaching to the hind margin of the eye. Dorsal fin with 

 seven, anal with six branched rays ; pectoral reaching the ventral, 

 ventral the anal. Caudal moderately excised, with pointed lobes. 

 Five ?eries of scales between lateral line and ventral fin. Back 

 and sides irregularly speckled with black ; a series of from seven 

 to nine larger ovate spots along the lateral line. Dorsal and 

 caudal rays speckled with black. 



Seven specim.ens, 70 millim. long, from Ocksa in the Grader 

 Chai. 



This form of Grudgeon cornea nearest to G. uranoscopus, having 

 a slender peduncle of the tail, but slightly compressed; and com- 

 pared with specimens of the same size, it shows a distinctly 

 shorter snout and a greater width of the interorhital space. I 

 have not the means of comparing it with Q-ohio Jcessleri from the 

 Dniester, which, however, is described as possessing eight branched 

 dorsal I'ays. 



Leuciscus cephaltjs, L. 



The Chub is one of the most common fishes in the rivers 

 falling into Lake Urmi. Specimens of small and moderate size 

 were obtained at Sujbulak, in the Gader Chai and Urmi Rivi r.-*, 

 and in the Nazlu Chai. I consider them specifically identical 

 with the European Chub ; their head is equally broad, but 

 rather more elongate or depressed than is usually observed in 

 British specimens. But Continental specimens frtquently show 

 the same degree of elongation and the same form as the Persian 

 fishes. 



The short description given by de Eilippi of his Squaliiis 

 iurcicus (Viagg. Pers. p. 359), from Erzeroum, applies very well 

 to these Persian specimens. 



Letjciscfs tTLANUs, sp. n. (PI. 84. fig. A.) 



D. 10-11. A. 13. L. lat, 44. L. transv. 8/5. 



The height of the body is contained from 3| to 4^ times in the 

 total length (without caudal), the length of the head 4 or 4| times. 

 The diameter of the eye is one fourth of the length of the head 

 and a little less than the width of the interorhital space, which is 

 transversely convex. Snout obtuse, as long as the eye ; upper 



