CRUSTACEA. OF LAKE URMI. 397 



The female homologues of the claspers are insignificant in 

 comparison, their width not exceeding 1'5 mm. across. 



Mandibles are powerful, with a finely serrated margin and a 

 palp whicli does not appear to be always present. 



Maxillse are in two pairs. The first is provided with a tuft of 

 anteriorly directed setse. 



The eleven natatory appendages are all constructed on the 

 same plan. Their axes all bear two respiratory bracts upon one 

 margin and five endites upon the other. The 6th endite is 

 terminal. The 1st or proximal endite bears extremely numerous 

 close-set setae upon its two lobes in all the swimming-appendages 

 except the last, in which the setge of the distal lobe are longer 

 and not so closely set as upon the longer proximal lobe. 



Endites 2, 3, and 4 are small and only bear 3, 2, and 1 set* 

 apiece, respectively. The 5fch endite has a rounded margin 

 provided with numerous setae armed with reflected barbs. Such 

 barbed setae do not appear to be present on any specimens of 

 A. salina wliich I have had the opportunity ot' examining, and 

 they are certainly absent in some sjD^ci^^^^ from Guernsey 

 which were given to me by the Eev. Canon Norman. The setae 

 upon the distal portions of the margin are much longer than 

 those on the proximal portion, and more nearly resemble the long 

 swimming-setae borne by the terminal endite. 



The extraordinary numbers in which the Artemia is found ia 

 Lake TJrmi have already been referred to (p. 357). The female-^, 

 as in Lake Utah, were present in greater numbers than the males, 

 in the proportion of 5:3. Many of the niales were holding on 

 behind the ovisacs of the females by means of their claspers, and 

 with such strength that immersion in alcohol did not cause them 

 to separate, even after death. Consequently, although partheno- 

 genesis may have been a mode of reproduction, it was by no 

 means the only one in August. 



The Artemias swim by synchronous movements of the eleven 

 natatory appendages, which are moved at the rate of 160 strokes 

 per minute. 



In colour the males incline to a pale greenish, and the females 

 to a more reddish hue. The alimentary canal is usually dark 

 brownish green, owing to the food contained in it. 



It is a debatable point whether new specific names should 

 be applied to newly discovered members of a group of animals 

 of which the other species have been mainly diagnosed by 



