172 JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY, VOL. II, NO. 6, APRIL, 1905. 



did not feel sufficient confidence to do so. In 1872 the University of 

 Rostock showed its insight by conferring upon him the degree of 

 Doctor of Philosophy, hotioris causa. Soon after his graduation, he 

 removed to Berlin, to study under Johannes Miiller, and very soon 

 came into connection with the Zoological Museum, whose director, 

 Liechtenstein, at once recognised his merit, and on the ist of Nov., 

 1855, appointed him assistant in that institution, and entrusted to him 

 the care of the department of Mollusca. 



From that time his life is inseparably connected with the concho- 

 logical collection of the Zoological Museum in Berlin, and his whole 

 working power was devoted to it. Even his travels were planned in 

 the interests of the museum. The journey to Italy, which he made 

 with his father and sisters in 1856, was intended firstly to refresh 

 old family recollections in Venetia, and then to see the peninsula as 

 far as Naples in the good old times, when one still drove through the 

 country in a carriage, and actually learned to know it. He then 

 undertook his long journey to the Far East, China, and Japan, on 

 board the " Thetis,'' which greatly widened his horizon as a naturalist, 

 and provided him with a rich harvest for the Museum ; it also taught 

 him very effectively the unpleasantnesses which fall to the lot of an 

 investigator on an expedition whose leader has no sympathy with his 

 pursuits, and rather regards him as a fifth wheel on the waggon. 

 He therefore abandoned the " Thetis " on the i6th March, 1862, and 

 made his way alone through Sumatra, Java, Celebes, the INIoluccas, 

 and Borneo, reaching home only at the end of December, 1864. 



The working out of his rich collections occupied ten years. He 

 lived the uneventful learned life of the scholar, and its stages were 

 marked only by the appearance of his works. In 1873 he became 

 Privat-dozent ; in 1874, Extraordinary Professor; in 1877 he received 

 the title of Second Director of the Zoological Museum ; and in 1898 

 he was made Privy Councillor. From 1883-87 he was temporarily 

 head of the Museum, with the possibility of being nominated First 

 Director, but he willingly gave up the prospect of these administrative 

 duties ; the conchological collection was more attractive to him than 

 the title of Director. 



In addition to his own collection and a very important one from 

 Albers, he was able to acquire for the Museum, two other large 

 private collections — that of Dunker by purchase, and that of Paetel 

 by gift. The amalgamation and working out of these collections, and 

 the preparation of a catalogue of the whole, supplied material for a 

 lifetime of uninterrupted research. Unfortunately, he was not able to 

 complete this work, and he was not willing to agree to a partial pub- 

 lication. He could only devote a portion of his time to the collection, 

 for after the commencement of the period of colonization, consign- 



