204 JOURNAL Ot CONCHOLOGY, VOL. Il, NO. 7, JULY, I905. 



sancti-pauli, sanctae-helenae, edzvardiensts, dienienensis^ magellanicus, 

 burdigalensis, vindobonensis. 



Recommendation. —Geographic names used by the Romans or by Latin 

 writers of the middle ages are to be adopted in preference to more recent forms. 

 Words like bordeausiacus and vienitemis are poor, but are not to be rejected on 

 this account. 



Art. 17. — If it is desired to cite the subspecific name, such name 

 is written immediately following the specific name, without the 

 interposition of any mark of punctuation. Example : Rana esculenta 

 inarmorata Hallowell, but not Rana esculenta (^mannorata), or Rana 

 inarmorata Hallowell. 



Art. 18. — The notation of hybrids may be given in several ways; 

 in all cases the name of the male parent precedes that of the female 

 parent, with or without the sexual signs : 



a. The names of the two parents are united by the sign of multipli- 

 cation ( X ). Example : Capra hircus $ x Oi'is aries 9 and Capra 

 hirciis X Ovis aries are equally good formulae. 



b. Hybrids may also be cited in form of a fraction, the male 

 parent forming the numerator and the female parent the denominator 



Example : _; . A—. This second method is in so far preferable 



Ovis aries 



that it permits the citation of the person who first published the 



X X ■^ r 1 T- 1 Bernicla canadensis ^ , , 



hybrid form as such. Example : — ; Rabe. 



Anser cygnoides 



c. The fractional form is also preferable in case one of the parents 



. -, ,r u u ■ 1 T- 1 Tetrao tetrix x Tetrao urogallus -r 



IS itselt a hybrid. Example : — ^ ., In 



Galliis gallics 



the latter case, however, parenthesis may be used. Example : 



{Tetrao tetrix x Tetrao urogallus) x Gallus gallus. 



d. When the parents of the hybrid are not known as such [parents] 

 the hybrid takes provisionally a specific name, the same as if it were 

 a true species, namely as if it were not a hybrid ; but the generic 

 name is preceded by the sign of multiplication. Example : x Core- 

 gonus dolosHS Fatio. 



Formation, Derivation, and Orthography 

 of Zoological Names. 



Art. tq. — The original orthography of a name is to be preserved 

 unless an error of transcription, a lapsus calami, or a typographical 

 error is evident. 



KecoMMENDA ri(.)N. — For scienlific names it is advisable to use some other 

 type than that used for the text. Example : /\'a>!a esculenta Linne, I75S> lives 

 in Europe. 



