290 JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY, VOL. II, NO. lO, APRIL, 1906. 



MuUer. in which the Linnean system of nomenclature is not anywhere 

 adopted, does not give those names any standing. Therefore, the 

 occurrence of Fusus brevis Miiller ex Rumphius, and Turrls baby- 

 loniCii Miiller ex Rumphius, has here merely an historic interest. As 

 a matter of fact, Miiller has misapplied Rumphius' name to Hemifusus 

 niorio L., when it was originally given to a true Fusus in the 

 Lamarckian sense. 



A conglomeration similar to that of Klein was called Fusus by 

 Martini, in 1773, in the Catalogue of his Collection, and in 1777 the 

 group was placed as a subdivision of Bticcinuin in the third volume 

 of his "Conchylien-Cabinet." His example was followed by Schroter 

 in 1784. Argenville and Favanne did not use the name Fusus, but 

 referred to the species as Buccina, as did Meuschen in 1787. Gual- 

 tieri preferred Strombus. Favart d'Herbigny, in his Dictionary of 

 Natural History of Testacea (1775) uses Fusus for a number of the 

 Rumphian Fusi, but reserves the term ' Fusus proprius dictus ' for a 

 species of Rostellaria. 



This perhaps is as much as need be said for the non-binomial 

 writers, though I may point out in passing, that several of these names, 

 and of names in a similar case, in the 1789 reissue of Browne's 

 " History of Jamaica," have found their way mto the recently- 

 published Index Animalium, where among genuine binomial names 

 they are manifest intruders. 



The history 01 the name Fusus under the Linnean system of 

 nomenclature is as follows : — 



Linne in 1758 included in the subdivision "Caudigeri" of his genus 

 Murex : — Rostellaria, Pleurotoma, Fusus, Mclongena, Megalatractus, 

 Trophon, Busycon, Chrysodomus, Septa, Fasciola?'ia, Pusionella, 

 Euthria, etc. — perhaps the most undiscriminating hotchpotch on 

 record for a single group of shells. The twelfth edition, 1768, made 

 things, if possible, a little worse by the addition oi Melanopsis and 

 Tudicla, while Gmelin, in 1792, adds to the number of species with- 

 out improving on their classification. 



So far as I have been able to discover, and also according to 

 Sherborn in the " Index Animalium," the first binomial writer to use 

 Fusus in accordance with Linnean nomenclature, and to eliminate 

 from the heterogeneous assembly of Linn(^ a group under that name, 

 was Helbling,^ who published a collection of miscellaneous shell- 

 notes, under the title " Beitrage zur Kenntniss neuer und seltener 

 Conchylien," in 1779. In this paper the name Fusus appears in sub- 

 generic form as follows : — 



I Abhandl. einer Prwatgestlhchaft in BShnten zur An/naJune der Matheiiiatik, tier 

 vaterlcindischen Geschichte und der Nciturgeschichte, vol. 4, pp. 102-131, pi. i.-iii., Prag, 1779; 

 see also von Martens, Malak. Bidtt., vol. 16, pp. 234-236, Dec, 1869. 



