GLAND-LTKE BODIES 11^ THE BETOZOA. 277 



There are both ovaries and testes in the same zooecia with 

 these so-called eggs. It may be that there are two ditFerent 

 kinds of reproduction in the GymnolcBmata as well as in Phy- 

 la ctolcBmat a. 



Although, so far as I am aware, the way in which these sausage- 

 shaped bodies grow has no parallel in other species, yet other 

 growths should be studied to see whether they can throw light 

 upon this. In nearly all species budding takes place close to the 

 operculum, though in many works buds are stated to arise from 

 the proximal wall o£ the zooecium. It is true that this is the 

 ciise in some, but not all, species of Flustra, and no doubt bud- 

 ding has been more often examined in this genus than in those 

 which are more concealed by the calcareous covering. In cases 

 where the budding is from the proximal end I have noticed that 

 there is a great development of parenchym in the distal end of 

 the next older zooecium, and this leads up to the distal rosette- 

 plate, giving the bud the appearance of starting from the rosette- 

 plate. 



In Adeonella polystomella, Eeuss, there is a small round body 

 so close to the operculum that it seems attflched to it. The 

 parenchym comes up to and sometimes partly surrounds it, and 

 from this part the buds arise. 



It would seem that reproduction takes place in the Bryozoa in 

 more ways than has been commonly supposed, as there is con- 

 siderable difference in the early division of the ova and in the 

 stage in which the ovum passes into the ovicell, and in many 

 cases the larva develops in an internal chamber divided off from 

 the rest of the zooecium, and not in an external ovicell. 



In Caherea Boryi, Aud., the ovarium occurs near the distal end 

 of the zooecium, and close to it there is in most cases an oval 

 body surrounded by a relatively thick cover which looks as though 

 it were chitinous, though, as it stains, this is probably not the 

 case. 



The contents appear bomogeueous ; and here we may again ask 

 whether this is a seasonal egg. There are, of coursL^, also ova 

 aud larvae in the ovicells of this species. 



