MARSHALL: ADDITIONS TO "BRITISH CONCHOLOGY." 69 



oval and stumpy, the pillar lip of var. ringens should have only thiiee 

 teeth instead of four, while the outer lip, instead of having four 

 equalised teeth, should represent them as irregular in size and shape, 

 and there are invariably more. Forbes and Hanley, again, figure 

 quite another set. Specimens like all these figures are found, but 

 they are not types, nor do they accord with the authors' descriptions. 

 M. refiexus Turt., figured by Sowerby, is an extreme form of var. 

 ringens. 



Both the preceding species of Melanipus have many generic and 

 specific synonyms, the most legitimate of which should by this time 

 be established, but that cannot be done by writers simply ringing 

 the changes on different names, and arbitrarily substituting one for 

 another without vouchsafing any enlightenment as to the why or the 

 wherefore. Previous authors have their liglits, and if they are to be 

 deposed or ignored let it be on solid and stated grounds, so that 

 every one may judge of their validity. 



Otina Otis Turt. — Cumbrae (Robertson). 



var. Candida Jeff. — Newquay (Cooke); P'reshwater West (Tom- 

 lin) \ Guernsey and Herm, Scilly Islands, Land's End, Torbay, 

 Borough Island. There is a pale brown form intermediate between 

 this and the type, which often has a zone of lighter colour a little 

 below, the suture of the last whorl (best seen in pale specimens), and 

 in the var. Candida it is opaque. 



Otina hunting is a thing emphatically to be learnt. It affects dark 

 and shady crevices in the rocks, and when crawling appears like a little 

 speck of gelatine, on account of the animal being too large for the 

 shell. The collector should search the rocks or caves a little below 

 high-water line, looking very closely at places where there happen 

 to be tricklings of moisture on the surface, and he may soon see little 

 jelly-like spots of a grayish white, which is the colour of the animal. 

 Once successful he will soon learn to distinguish the shell. It is not 

 uncommon, and in a few places, Sark and Salcombe especially, it is 

 abundant. 



Pteropoda Cuvier. — This Class has been sadly neglected and as 

 sadly confused by writers ; but Dr. Paul Pelseneer, in the 'Challenger' 

 Reports, has placed it on a sound basis as far as published records 

 allow. He has not, however, taken in hand MS. or undescribed 

 forms, for obvious reasons. Speaking generally of the Class, he says 

 that " these pelagic molluscs descend to a certain depth to avoid 

 bright light, and reascend when the light is feeble or absent and the 

 sea is calm." 



Limacina retroversa Flem, — "North Atlantic, on the coast of 

 America, from 63 deg. N. (Davis Strait) to 39 deg. 53 min. N. (Mas- 



