122 JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY, VOL. I4, NO. 4, OCTOBER, I913. 



as the Shetland Isles. In Ireland it is recorded from a good many 

 counties, although I think, with Mr. J. W, Taylor, that a good many 

 of the older records are a mistake for the var. albolahiata of H. nenio- 

 ralls. It is found all over Central Europe; France, except some of 

 the Central Provinces ; Spain, in tlie north-eastern portion ; but the 

 records from Italy are thought to be, again, the var. albolahiata of 

 H. tietnoralis, as no recent finds have been reported from there. It is 

 found in Austria and Bosnia, but not in Transylvania, and in Russia 

 it is found in the Baltic Provinces, and has been reported from South 

 Russia. In Norway it has been found up to latitude 64° north ; also 

 in Sweden and Denmark ; and Dr. O. A. L. Morch records it from 

 Iceland. It is reported to have been found in Greenland ; and 

 occurs in Eastern North America, from Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, 

 Prince Edward Island, and along the western coast of Newfoundland 

 to Maine, Connecticut, and Massachusetts in the United States. It 

 has also been found in the Pleistocene Clays of Maine, so that it 

 cannot have been a recent introduction. Scientists think that it may 

 have extended its range into America through the land connection, 

 believed by many to have joined North- West Europe to North 

 America during Tertiary times, and by means of which a few other 

 species have probably reached Eastern North America. There is also 

 a record from New Zealand, evidently introduced. 



Where found, it is generally abundant, and after rain in some 

 Devonshire lanes I have found it in abundance, where at ordinary 

 times it was very difficult to find a single specimen. 



The colour of the lip is generally white, but it is sometimes found 

 in intermediate shades of brown to black ; it is noteworthy that in 

 those with coloured lip the colour generally fades if kept for any time, 

 whereas this does not often occur in B. neinoralis. The colours of 

 var. lilaciiia and var. incarjtata fade very much. 



If a collector is in doubt whetlier a shell is this species, or var. 

 albolahiata of the preceding one, the best thing to do, if it is the right 

 season, is to examine the gypsobelum or love-dart, as they are quite 

 distinct in the two species. 



H. (Tacheaj sylvatica Drap. — 



This is only found in the Alpine districts of France and Switzer- 

 land and the Upper Rhine A^alley. It is found in somewhat the same 

 situations as H. horterisis^ e.g., at Martigny in the Rhone A^alley ; I 

 have taken it in large quantities on a grassy bank, along with var. 

 alha^ but I did not find it so high in the mountains as H. neinoralis 

 or H. hortensis. 



