148 JOURNAL OF CONCHOLOGY, VOI,. I4, NO. 5, JANUARY, I914. 



overlooked F/iysas in Australia, or — what I am more inclined to think 

 — this Fhysa, like some of the birds, may be of American origin. 



Returning to A?icylus, the Coosa group seems no more than a local 

 variation of the primitive type, though we know nothing of the con- 

 dition under which its enormous laterals arose. We can only say 

 that the Coosa region is a centre for this group, and the StrepoinatidcB, 

 like the Balkans for Clausilia^ the Hawaiian Islands for AchatineilidcE, 

 or Lapland for the heaths. 



Velletia is also seriously modified ; and the modification cannot 

 well have been caused by its habit of clinging to plants instead of to 

 stones, for American species of a similar habit shew no such modifi- 

 cation. It seems, however, to have arisen. in Europe, and, therefore, 

 probably at no very remote geological period. Recent, also, perhaps 

 is the northern group, now dominant in Europe. Direct evidence is 

 hardly to be expected ; but we may presume that it has displaced 

 the southern type, which is now no longer represented in Europe by 

 A?icylus, but only by the weaker species of Planorbis. 



It will be seen that I have limited myself entirely to the radula. 

 I am far from saying that it is the only character- — I will not even say 

 that it is the chief character — which has to be considered. But it is 

 an important character, and it is work for a lifetime. I have, therefore, 

 set down its indications to the best of my power without regard to 

 other characters, and leaye them to be discussed and amended by 

 students of better training and greater leisure than myself. 



Conchological Notes from Scarborough. — Pyramiditla rolimdata var. alba: 

 Having collected for many years without finding this rare variety of a common 

 species, I was recently successful in discovering twenty mature specimens under- a 

 heap of stones near Scarborough. Acanlhinula actilcata : Until last year I had 

 only known this species as occurring in veiy small numbers, although in many 

 districts. To find three or four at any time was the best success that I had known, 

 and this I find is the usual experience of my collector friends. But on a visit to 

 Forge Valley in 191 1, I found together under a few stones over a score of mature 

 individuals, besides others not fully grown.— W. Gyngell {Read before the Society, 

 Sept. nth, 1912). 



Limax tenellus in Surrey.— On the 4th of August, 1912, my friend Mr. 

 II. Wallis Kew, F.Z.S., found several examples crawling on wet trunks and on 

 standing beeches, along with Clatisilia laininata, etc., on a chalk escarpment below 

 Netley Heath, near Gomshall. He sent them at once to me, and they were small 

 typically-coloured examples of var. cerea. This is an important new record for 

 the Census, and adds another to the ring of metropolitan counties in which this 

 slug occurs (Essex S., Bucks., Oxfordshire and Herts.).— W. Denison Roebuck. 



