FAMILIES AND GENEEA OF THE MADEEPOEABIA. 29 



are broad and exsert ; the pali are in one crown ; and the columella 

 is essential and lamellar. 



Distribution. — Fossil. Inferior Oolite : England and France. 



In 1865 Eeuss found a small broad-based coral in the Oligo- 

 cene sands of Nieder Kaufungen, for which he proposed a new 

 genus, Brachytrochus (" Zur Eauna des Deutschen Oberoligocans," 

 Sitzungsb. der math.-naturwiss. Classe der kais. Akad. der 

 Wiss. Wien, 1865, p. 619). The specimens were not of mature 

 forms, and were very small ; so that BrachytrocJius Speyeri,'Reus8, 

 is a doubtful species, and the genus must lapse. I have utilized 

 the name, however, as follows : — 



Genus Brachttbochus, Duncan (non Beuss), Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Lond. 1876, p. 436. 



The columella is short and shallow, cup-shaped, with a rounded 

 free base. The calice is circular in outline, widely open and deep 

 centrally. The septa are close, moderately exsert, and papillose 

 near the axial space, and slightly dentated on the free margin. 

 There is no columella. The costse, profusely granular, are mode- 

 rately developed, and are not seen on the centre of the base. The 

 base is usually deformed and perforated, as it is the home of an 

 annelid. 



Distrihution. — Becent. Graspar Straits, 12 fms. 

 The papillary endings to some of th.e septa in this genus 

 simulate pali, and the costse are not very prominent structures. 



Grenus Sabinoteochus, Duncan, Madrep. of Deep Sea, Trans. 

 Zool. Soc. vol. viii. pt. v. p. 320, pi. xli. figs. 6-9 (1871). 

 Corallum simple, flatly turbinate, adherent by a delicate pe- 

 duncle. Calice open, circular, fossa shallow, margin festooned 

 by the projecting septa. Columella formed by growths from the 

 septal ends. Septa exsert, granular ; tertiaries usually unite with 

 the secondaries close to the columella. Costse uuequal, extending 

 mostly to the peduncle, more numerous than the septa. 

 Distrihution. — Becent. Atlantic, 994 fms. 



Grenus Stephanotbochtjs, Moseley, Beport on Corals, 

 ' Challenger ' Expedition, p. 151 (1881). 

 Corallum dense and compact in substance, cup-shaped or 

 saucer-shaped, with a trace of early attachment, usually with 



