70 PEOF. P. MAETIF DTTNCAN's REVISION OF THE 



3. Subfamily Astrceidcd genvmantes. 



(Subgroup Stylinacece independentes, Ed. & H., and 

 Subfamily Gladocoracece, Ed. & H., combined.) 



Astrseidse increasing by gemmation from tbe wall below tbe 

 calicular margin. Buds free more or less by their sides. Septa 

 dentate or entire. Endotbeca dissepimental. 



The subfamily unites tbe former Eusmilinse, wbicb were grouped 

 with the Stylinae, witb tbe Cladocoracese of the Astrseidse. Eive 

 tolerably well-marked Alliances may be mentioned, and there are 

 some genera which cannot be placed in Alliances. 



Eourteen genera are retained and one lapses. Tbe Alliances 

 are the Cladocoroida, Groniocoroida, Xfendrosmilioida, Stylosmi- 

 lioida, Falceastrceoida, and a solitary genus. 



I. Alliance CLADOCOROIDA. 



Cladocoracese or Astrseidse gemmantes bush-, or branch-shaped, or fas- 

 ciculate, with a papillary columella and pali. Endotheca present. 

 Genus Cladocora, Ed. & H. 

 Genus Pleurocora, Ed. & H. 

 The genus Anomocora, Stnder, placed by that author in the Clado- 

 coracese, is, according to E. Pourtales, a Parasmilia with buds on a dead 

 parent. This may be the case, but the genus is described by Studer, 

 Obersicht der Steinkorallen &c. Gazelle Reise, Monatsber. Berlin, 18/7, 

 p. 641, ph 9. 



Genus Cladocoea, Milne-Edwards ^ Jules Saime, Hist. Hat. 

 des Corall. vol. ii. p. 588 (1857). 



Colony busb-sbaped or branched or fasciculate. Corallites 

 variable in length, erect, often flexuous, cylindrical, and free 

 laterally. Calices circular and shallow. Columella well deve- 

 loped. Septa essert, subequal, rounded, and finely dentated and 

 granulated laterally. Pali exist before all the cycles except 

 the last. Wall compact, moderately thick. Costse simple, 

 granular, or finely echinulate, straight. An incomplete epi- 

 theca, which often gives rise to horizontal collarettes, may extend 

 from one corallite to another. Endotheca scanty. Gemmation 

 lateral and often in pairs from the same height on the stem. 



Distribution. — Fossil. Jurassic, Cretaceous, Miocene, Pliocene : 

 Europe. Cainozoic : Australia. — Becent. West Indies, Medi- 

 terranean, Madeira. 



