FAMILIES AWD GENERA OF THE MADEEPOEABIA. 139 



Distribution. — Fossil. Trias : Europe. Lias : England and 

 Europe. Oolitic : England and Europe. Cretaceous : England, 

 Europe, Asia. Eocene : Europe, Asia. Miocene : Tasmania. 



Subgenus Centeastkjea, (genus) d'Orb. (1847). 



Thamnastrcea with an almost styliform columella. 

 In recognizing this group care must be taken not to be 

 deeeiyed by the results of fossilization. 



Grenus Clausastk^a, cPOrbigny, Note sur les Polyp, foss. p. 9 

 (1849), amended. 



Colony massive, with a plane or convex upper surface and 

 broad base. Corallites large, without definite walls, which are re- 

 placed by a cellular endotheca. Calices superficial, shallow, widely 

 open. Columella absent. Septa large, dentate, few, some con- 

 fluent with the septo-costse of the calices close by and others tra- 

 versing the intercorallite space to reach somewhat distant calices, 

 straight, or geniculate, or curved here and there. Laminae short, 

 solid. Endotheca replacing walls here and there, and stretching 

 across the interseptal loculi high up like tabulae, but not passing 

 over the axial space. Synapticula small, short, stout, numerous. 

 Gremmation submarginal. 



Distribution. — Fossil, Jurassic : Europe, England. 



Grenus Pseudaste^a, Reuss, "Foss. Foram. Anthoz. von Ober- 

 burg,^'' Denies, d. Kais. AJcad. der Wiss. Wien, Bd. xxiii. 

 p. 24 (1864). 



Colony massive. Calices crowded, irregular, rather deep in the 

 centre, environed by a shallow groove, so that only occasional 

 septa become continuous with those of other calices. Septa den- 

 tate and numerous. Columella ends in a small irregular pimple 

 {HocTcer). Pali in one crown. Synapticula exist, being placed 

 very regularly. (Endotheca does not exist, according to Eeuss.) 



Distribution. — Fossil. Eocene : Europe. 



Grenus Pieonastb^a, d'AcTiiardi, Gorall. Eocen. del Friuli (Pisa, 

 1875), p. 76. 



Colony lamello-diseoid. Calices in concentric circles, confluent, 

 centres distinct and small. Columella absent, or as one papilla. 

 Septo-costse very large. Synapticula numerous. Endotheca 

 scarce. Epitheca well developed. 



Distribution. — Fossil. Eocene : Europe, Sind, Asia. 



