SCIENCE 



Editorial Committbi: : S. Nkwcomb, Mathematics ; E. S. Woodward, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickkeing ; 



Astronomy; T. C. Mendenhall, Physics; R. H. Thdeston, Engineering; lEA Ekmsen, Chemistry; 



J. Le Conte, Geology; W. M. Davis, Physiography; Heney F. Osborn, Paleontology ; W. K. 



Brooks, C. Hart Meeeiam, Zoology; S. H. Scudder, Entomology; C. E. Bessey, N. L. 



Beitton, Botany; C. S. MiNOT, Emhryology, Histology; H. P. Bowditch, Physiology; 



J. S. Billings, Hygiene ; J. McKeen Cattell, Psychology; 



J. W. Powell, Anthropology. 



Fkiday, January 12, 1900. 



CONTENTS: 



The Century's Progress in Applied Mathematics, I. : 

 Processor R. S. Woodward 41 



The Position that Universities shottld take in regard 

 to Investigation : Peofessoe Thomas Dwight, 

 Professor E. H. Chittenden, Professor 

 Joseph Jastrow, De. D. T. MacDodgal, 

 Professor William Patten 51 



American 3Iathematical Society : Professor F. 

 N. Cole 66 



Scientific BooJcs : — 

 Scudder on Every-day Butterflies: Dr. AV. J. 

 Holland. Ward's Elementary 3Ieteorology : 

 M. S. W. Jefferson. Newman on Bacteria : 

 E. O. J. Lewis's Treatise on Crystallography : 

 De. C. Pallache , 67 



Scientific Journals and Articles 71 



Societies and Academies : — 



Philosophical Society of Washington : E. D. 

 Preston. Science Club of the University of Wis- 

 consin : Professor W. H. HoBBs. The Acad- 

 emy of Science of St. Louis : Professor Wil- 

 liam Teelease 72 



Discussion and Correspondence : — 

 Observations with the Sleridian Circle : Profes- 

 sors Geo. a. Hill and James E. Keeler. 

 Dark Lightning: PROFESSOR E. W. Wood. 

 Science in the Daily Press : Professors E. H. 

 Lindley and Wm. T. Bryan. ' Newspaper Sci- 

 ence' : Amateur 72 



Botanical Notes : — 

 A New Southern Flora ; A New Botanical Jour- 

 nal : Professor Charles E. Bessey 74 



The Conferring of University Degrees by the Smith- 

 sonian Institution 75 



The University of Nebraska 76 



Recent Additions to the American Museum 77 



Scientific Notes and Neics 77 



I and Educational News 80 



MS3. intended for publication and books, etc., intended 

 for review Bbould be sent to tbe responsible editor, Profes- 

 sor J. MoKeen Cattell, Garrison-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



THE CENTURY'S PROGRESS IN APPLIED 



3IATSEMATICS.* 



I. 



The honor of election to the presidency 

 of the American Mathematical Society 

 carries with it the difficult duty of pre- 

 paring an address, which may be at once 

 interesting and instructive to a major- 

 ity of the membership, and which may 

 indicate at the same time the lines along 

 which progress may be expected in one or 

 more branches of our favorite science. In 

 partial recognition of the honor you have 

 conferred upon me it has seemed that I 

 could do no better than to consider with 

 you some of the principal advances that 

 have been made in mathematical science 

 during the past century. But here at the 

 outset one must needs feel sharply restricted 

 by the limitations of his knowledge and by 

 the wide extent of the domain to be sur- 

 vej'ed. Especially must this be the case 

 with one who belongs to no school of mathe- 

 maticians, unless it be the ' old school ' of 

 inadequate opportunities and desultory 

 training. On account of these conditions, 

 I have found it essential to accept the ordi- 

 nary division of the science into pure and 

 applied mathematics and to confine my at- 

 tention in this address wholly to applied 

 mathematics. Here again, however, it is 



* Address of the President of the American Mathe- 

 matical Society, read December 28, 1899. 



