522 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XI. No. 275. 



'pecial rates to the commission on tickets 

 around the world. 



The original plan of your commissioners 

 was to proceed directly to Manila by way of 

 Hong-Kong, at which latter port it was in- 

 tended to stop only long enough to outfit 

 for the tropics and to catch the earliest 

 steamer sailing for Manila. After con- 

 sideration of the probability that certain 

 new kinds or phases of disease, not occur- 

 ring in temperate regions, might be encoun- 

 tered in the Archipelago, and of the fact 

 that the diseases of the Philippines would 

 probably have much in common with those 

 of Japan, it was decided to spend one week 

 in Japan, where modern hospitals could be 

 visited and advantage taken of the results 

 of the study of tropical disease by highly 

 trained and eminent Japanese physicians. 

 The decision proved to be valuable in many 

 ways ; and we especially desire to express 

 ourobligations to Professors Aoyama, Mitsu- 

 kuri, Miura and Kitasato, who showed us 

 many courtesies. The opportunity to see 

 in the Japanese hospitals pure and mixed 

 examples of beri-beri assisted us greatly in 

 our subsequent studies, as did also the ob- 

 servations on dysentery made in the Insti- 

 tute for Infectious Diseases at Tokio. 



While outfitting at Hong-Kong we im- 

 proved the opportunity to study the bubonic 

 plague, which was still prevailing at that 

 port. This study was made easy by the 

 generosity and courtesy of the English Civil 

 Physician, Dr. James Lowson, in charge of 

 the Plague Hospital and Mortuary. The 

 study begun in this way was extended when 

 two months later we returned to Hong- 

 Kong, en route to America. At this time 

 a considerable exacerbation of the disease 

 had taken place, and within a week or ten 

 days we saw several scores of cases and 

 performed many autopsies. The several 

 forms of infection : inguinal ; axillary ; ton- 

 sillar and cervical and pulmonary, were 

 thus encountered. Bacteriological exami- 



nations were made and tissues collected for 

 future study. Two of the party (Dr. 

 Barker and Mr. Flint) spent on the return 

 journey three weeks (at their own expense) 

 in India, where the great epidemics of 

 plague there raging were observed. 



ARRIVAL IN MANILA. 



Immediately upon our arrival in Manila 

 quarters were sought at the ' Hotel de 

 Oriente. ' Very insufficient accommoda- 

 tions were secured for a limited time, as the 

 sudden accession of families of Army and 

 Naval officers had strained the hotel to its 

 fullest capacity. Having been forewarned 

 of the conditions of living in Manila, we 

 took the precaution to bring with us from 

 Hong-Kong a group of Chinese servants, 

 intending to set up house-keeping if practi- 

 cable. After much difficulty a small house 

 was secured in San Miguel, where, by hiring 

 parts of the furnishings and buying what 

 could not be rented, a temporary establish- 

 ment was secured. 



"Within a few hours after our arrival the 

 credentials and private letters brought were 

 presented to Colonel WoodhuU, Surgeon-in- 

 Chief to the 8th Army Corps and to Gen- 

 eral Otis. Colonel Woodhull aiibrded us 

 every opportunity to prosecute our work in 

 the military hospitals. Although no special 

 introduction was in our possession, we 

 quickly met Dr. Bournes, chief health offi- 

 cer of Manila, who opened to us the hos- 

 pitals under his charge. Somewhat later 

 we met Dr. Pearson, Chief ISTaval Surgeon, 

 who opened the Naval Hospital at Cavite 

 to us. 



HOSPITALS AT MANILA. 



Civil Hospitals. — These consist of a large 

 hospital within the walled city, San Juan 

 de Dios. It has a capacity of from 250 to 

 300 beds and accommodated during our 

 stay both natives and Europeans. The 

 number of European patients was small. 

 When the militarj' hospitals were much 



