710 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. IX. No. 279. 



activity. Here again the influence of society 

 is emphasized. 



The feeling attitude is considered not only 

 on the levels of sensation and of perception, but 

 also now in connection with ideas. Ideational 

 activity itself is said to possess feeling-tone ; 

 this is connected with the furtherance and ob- 

 struction of conation ; furtherance, the work- 

 ing out of the activity, giving pleasure and its 

 opposite, pain. It is to be noted that the three 

 references to feeling, upon the three develop- 

 mental planes, involve some ambiguity in the 

 use of terms. Pleasure and pain, and pleasant- 

 ness and unpleasantness are often confused. 

 It would have aided the student if different 

 terms had been used to denote simple affec- 

 tion, the feelings of the perceptual stage, and 

 the more involved hedonic aspects of discur- 

 sive thinking. As an example, pain is often 

 used where simple unpleasantness is evidently 

 meant ; as in the checking of a ' conative ac- 

 tivity.' The distinction between pain and ' pain- 

 sensation ' is also confusing. 



Finally, in the last chapter, the reader comes 

 within sight of what he has been looking for all 

 the way through ; some systematic explana- 

 tion of conation and of conative development. 

 The reviewer is inclined to think that, without 

 a previous analysis of conation, and also of 

 impulse and of attention, many steps in the 

 author's argument would be incomplete. Per- 

 haps the full treatment in the Analytic Psy- 

 chology is sufficient. Still, considering the dif- 

 ference in the two audiences which the author 

 I'eaches, it is, perhaps not demanding too much 

 to ask for a more complete analysis of these 

 terms which are used constantly throughout the 

 book. 



The author acknowledges a very great debt 

 to Dr. Ward, and the influence of the master is 

 prominent all through the work. Naturally, 

 Professor James' general point of view is also 

 approached ; although in matters of special in- 

 terpretation Stout dissents from his opinion 

 more often than he accepts it. While the book 

 is predominantly British in its mode of treat- 

 ment, it comes nearer a compromise between 

 English and German psychologies than does 

 any book which we have yet had from a writer 

 of the English school, excepting, perhaps. Pro- 



fessor Sully's psychology. When one considers 

 the product in connection with the soil to which 

 it is indigenous, one can but note the marked 

 effects of fertilization from imported systems. 

 Although the Manual will scarcely fulfil at 

 present a textual function in the class-rooms of 

 our colleges and universities, American psy- 

 chologists will know it and will find it stimulat- 

 ing and helpful. 



Finally, to revert to the query with which 

 we set out, we shall have to say that the genetic 

 standpoint is not maintained with the rigor 

 which we were led to expect from the author's 

 preliminary definition of it ; but that where it 

 has been adhered to, it is used with profound 

 psychological wisdom and a keen insight into 

 the dark vistas of mental development. 



I. Madison Bentley. 



Cornell University. 



Matures odorantes artificielles. Georges-F. 



Jaubert. Docteur 6s Sciences, ancien Pr6- 



parateur de Chimie k I'tloole Poly technique. 



Petit in 8. Pages 190. (Encyclop6die scien- 



tifique des Aide-M6moire.) 



The title of this book is both misleading and 

 vague. It is misleading because it does not 

 cover the indicated field, but only discusses 

 three classes of odorous substances, the re- 

 maining classes being reserved for the author's 

 forthcoming volumes on ' Les Produits Aromat- 

 iques' and 'Les Parfums Comestibles,' the sub- 

 ject thus being distributed through the three 

 volumes. Further, it is vague, in that it is not, 

 as might be expected, a bird's-eye view of syn- 

 thetic perfumes, for at least one-third of its 

 space is taken up with compounds which have 

 no interest whatever as perfumes, and which 

 apparently are inserted, either from their 

 chemical relationship to other substances in 

 the tables, or because, although possessed of 

 no valuable odor themselves, they happen to 

 occur associated with some natural perfumes 

 in certain essential oils. The reviewer is of the 

 opinion that the author might better have con- 

 fined himself to a tabulation of those synthetic 

 organic compounds whose odor renders them of 

 commercial value, or which are of scientific 

 interest from their being identical with certain 

 natural aromas. 



