May 25, 1900.] 



SCIENCE. 



839 



half the diurnal motion of Eros. Professor 

 Kreutz accordingly cabled that so large a cor- 

 rection seemed improbable and that perhaps an 

 error of twelve hours had been made. A cable- 

 gram was accordingly sent to Arequipa and in 

 a few hours a reply was received stating that 

 the correction was zero. The error perhaps 

 arose from assuming that the ephemeris was 

 computed for noon instead of midnight. At- 

 tempts were made both visually and photo- 

 graphically to verify this conclusion, but with" 

 out success, owing to the proximity of the sun. 



The orange groves of southern Florida have 

 enjoyed favorable conditions during the past 

 winter and are expected to supply about one 

 million boxes. Should there be no frost next 

 winter the groves will be again in good condi- 

 tion and the abundant supply of oranges of ten 

 years ago may be expected. 



The annual banquet of the Royal Academy, 

 London, took place on May 5th, with thepresi. 

 dent. Sir E. J. Poynter, in the chair, and as 

 usual on such occasions the company included 

 many of the most distinguished Englishmen. 

 Sir Norman Lockyer replied to the toast on be- 

 half of science and said, according to the report 

 of the London Times : It is a very great honor 

 for a student of science to be called upon in 

 such an august assembly as this to say a few 

 words ; but if I am to be accepted as the rep- 

 resentative of science I do not wish to be fet- 

 tered by your suggestion. Sir, that I should 

 refer to the dependence of art on science. I 

 am sure that I may frankly say for every man 

 of science that we acknowledge freely the firm 

 brotherhood between art and science — a brother- 

 hood founded upon a common object, the study 

 of Nature, 'the mistress of the masters,' and 

 carried on by a common method, the proper co- 

 ordination of brain, hand and eye. In every case 

 which a man of science or a man of art has to 

 tackle imagination is required, and so science 

 and art meet upon terms of mutual helpfulness, 

 I think I may also say that this feeling is thor- 

 oughly reciprocated by men of art, for many of 

 them honor me with their friendship, and there- 

 fore I know their sentiments. I am the more 

 anxious to say this because some twenty years 

 ago, when I was privileged to attend this an- 



niversary dinner, I heard a distinguished rep- 

 resentative of literature express a totally dif- 

 ferent sentiment. He told me that ' before 

 their sister, Science, now so full of promise 

 and pride, was born, there were Art and 

 Literature like twins together,' and it was 

 suggested that the sooner art and literature 

 formed an alliance offensive and defensive 

 against the interloper the better it would be 

 for them. I do not believe in this. For me 

 science is as old as art. They have both ad- 

 vanced together. Let us take the position of 

 things 6000 years ago — to begin at the begin- 

 ning of things. If we can. Then the priest- 

 mummifiers of Memphis had to be profound 

 anatomists. If you go to the Gizeh Museum 

 you find magnificent specimens in those statues 

 of Chepren in diorite, other statues in wood, 

 and the plaques, veritable Memlings in stone. 

 If you come down to a comparatively modern 

 period, something like 600 B. C, and compare 

 those wonderful metopes of Solinunto with the 

 marbles of the Parthenon, which are of a later 

 date, you will find an enormous advance in the 

 latter. You will find that Hippocrates had 

 lived in the interval. And, carrying the mat- 

 ter down to the introduction of the University 

 system in Northern Italy in the 13th century, 

 we find that the difference between the art o^ 

 Cimabue and Giotto depends on the fact that 

 anatomy had been introduced in the meantime. 

 Science, then, is no new interloper seeking to 

 detract from the importance of art and litera- 

 ture. What was new 20 years ago was that 

 the work of the late Prince Consort, whose 

 name will always be revered by those who 

 know the benefits he conferred on our country 

 was then beginning to tell. He showed us that 

 in order to secure individual progress we must 

 have a combination of science and art both in 

 teaching and manufacture. Being well assured 

 of the valor and endurance of our soldiers and 

 sailors in war, the chief thing we have to do is 

 to see that they are properly supplied with the 

 engines and munitions of war. For the beauty 

 of a nation's life and a perfect record of it we 

 must look chiefly to the sweetening and ennob- 

 liog influences of art and the enduring works 

 of its masters ; but for a nation's continued 

 welfare and progress both science and art are 



