252 DE. J. MUEIE ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CAAING WHALE. 



enormous mass which has attachments to the skull behind the articulation to the stylo- 

 hyal, and, partially covering the ramus of the mandible, is therein narrowly inserted at 

 its fore part. This apparently agrees with the depressor maxdlse uiferioris of Carte 

 and Macalister. 



Beneath the last is what I presume is the representative of stylo-glossus. This like- 

 wise is of a long wedge-shape. Posteriorly broad, it occupies nearly all the antero- 

 inferior edge of the stylohyal, and advancing and narrowing is fixed by a tendon betwixt 

 the side of the mandible and tongue. Essentially similar in other genera of Whales'. 



The hyo-glossus in G. melas I found partly double. Its smaller outer head arises 

 from about the middle of the stylohyal; its larger broader head springs from the 

 front border of the thyrohyal, deeper than and partly outside the genio-hyoid. The 

 two bellies converge, run side by side, and amalgamate about the middle of the tongue, 

 the fibres dipping into the substance of the latter. Stannius^ says that in the Porpoise 

 the united hyo-glossus and hyo-pharyngeus springs broadly from the anterior part of the 

 body of the hyoid and from the fore border and upper surface of the lower comer. 

 The first thicker portion goes to the tongue's root along with the stylo-glossus ; the 

 other proceeds outwards and upwards to the posterior or upper edge of pharynx. One 

 origin, a round fleshy mass from the great comu of the hyoid bone, is given to the hyo- 

 glossus by Carte in Balcenoptera. 



The pair of strong genio-hyoidei, which lie parallel to each other, run straight from 

 the basihyal forwards to the mandibular symphysis. The genio-hyo-glossi are an 

 expanded sheet, whose bundles of fibres from the inferior median raphe run upwards, 

 forwards, and outwards in sweeping lines, intermingling with the lingualis or intrinsic 

 muscle of the tongue. Posteriorly the genio-hyo-glossi are fixed to the ceratohyals and 

 partially to the basihyal rostrum. 



IV. Organs subservient to Deglutition and Digestion. 



1. Cavity of the Mouth, Dental Armature, and Pharynx. — The absence of baleen in 

 the cavity of the mouth of the Pilot Whale necessarily gives quite a different aspect to 

 it, compared with the mouth of the Whalebone species. No view of the Toothed 

 Whale's mouth has hitherto been pubUshed; that wliich I furnish (fig. 5) was drawn 

 from the fresh specimen, and thei'efore ought to give a fair idea of the buccal cavity. 

 The dimensions of the original were : — Distance from the tip of the mandible to the 

 angle of the mouth 11^ inches, and the widest stretch or depth of gape at symphysis 

 6^ inches ; the roof of the mouth antero-i)osteriorly is above 7 inches. 



The soft palate, excepting behind, is of a sooty-black colour, dense or firm to the 



touch, fibrous in structure, and firmly adherent to the bone. There is a middle flat 



portion similar to the tongue in shape, or lanceolate ; and this has a breadth behind 



of 37 inches, and narrows anteriorly to 0-5 inch. Running round on each side of this, 



' Rapp, p. 132 ; Stannius, p. 8 ; and Carte &. Macalister, p. 231 . ' L. c. p. 8. 



