310 PEOFBSSOR P. M. DUNCAJ!^ ON THE 



Species with four perfect Cycles of Septa, and some orders of the fifth Cycle. 



1. Caryophyllia cyathus, Ellis & Solander, 3. Garyophyllia seguenzce, Duncan. (Syn. 



sp. Ceratocyathus ornatus, Seguenza.) 



2. clavus, Scacchi. 



Species with foui' perfect Cycles of Septa. 

 1. Caryophyllia arcuata, Ed. & H. 



Species with the fourth Cycle of Septa incomplete. 



1. Caryophyllia cylindracea, Reuss. 4. Caryophyllia calveri, Duncan. 



2. abyssormn, Dmican. 5. pourtalesi, Duncan. 



3. inskipi, Duncan. 



Species with three Cycles of Septa'. 

 1. Caryophyllia vermiformis, Duncan. 



The range of the species : — 



Caryophyllia clavus and its varieties were found in nearly every dredging in the 

 Mediterranean. The type and the varieties were dredged up at the depth of 364 

 fathoms, soutla of Cape St. Vincent, and of 705 fathoms in the North Atlantic 

 (88 station). Tlie sea-bottom off Unst, off the coast of Norway, and off tlie north- 

 eastern coasts of Scotland, at a depth of 90 fathoms, is its commonest habitat. The 

 species (a variety) is also common in shallower water off the west coast of Ireland, 

 and as a littoral form on the south-west coasts of England. 



The species is represented by fossil forms in the older Pliocene of Sicily. 



Caryophyllia cyathus, Scacchi, is a well-known Mediterranean species; but the true 

 typical form was not dredged up, although the red-coral fisheries abound with it. A 

 variety with slender septa and a small base was found at 651 fathoms, due west of the 

 Straits of Gibraltar. 



Caryophyllia seyuenzw, Duncan (syn. Ceratocyathus ornatus, Seguenza), was dredged 

 up in the North Atlantic (station 88) from the depth of 705 fathoms ; and it is known 

 as a fossil form at Rometta, in the Zanclean formation or older Sicilian Pliocene. 



Caryophyllia arcuata, Ed. & H., has hitherto only been known as a fossil form. A 

 variety was dredged up (stations 19 & 20, 2nd expedition) in 248 and 304 fathoms, off 

 the south-western coast of the peninsula. 



The fossil forms are from the older Pliocene rocks in Sicily. 



Caryophyllia cylindracea, Reuss. A careful examination of some specimens dredged 

 up (9 & 17 a stations, 2nd expedition) from a depth of 539 and 740 fathoms leads to 



' This is a new division ; for Caryophyllice with three cycles of septa have been hitherto unknown. 



